Planting techniques of Cherry in greenhouse

The cherry in the greenhouse has less investment and high output value. The cultivation in the greenhouse in early spring can make the cherry appear on the market in advance and obtain considerable economic benefits. through the greenhouse experiment, the yield per mu has exceeded 1000 jin in three years, and the income per greenhouse is more than 30,000 yuan. has a very high economic value, let's take a look at the greenhouse cherry planting technology!

Cherry tree growing environment

Cherry is a fruit tree that likes light, temperature, humidity and fertilizer. It is suitable for growing in the climate with an average annual temperature of 10-12 ℃, annual precipitation of 600-700 mm and annual sunshine hours of more than 2600-2800 hours. The daily average temperature higher than 10 ℃ is 150 to 200 days, and the extreme lowest temperature in winter is not lower than-20 ℃ can grow well and bear normal fruit. If there is frost damage in the area, the cherry orchard can choose the northwest slope where the temperature rises slowly and the air is well ventilated in spring. Considering that the root distribution of cherry is shallow and easy to fall, the orchard should be in the area free from wind damage, and the soil should be sandy soil with loose soil and deep soil layer.

Construction of greenhouse in Cherry Garden

1. Garden selection: choose loam or sandy loam with leeward and sunny direction, sufficient light, flat terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation and loose soil when building the shed. According to the heat dissipation of the shed, the area of the greenhouse should be 300 square meters and 400 square meters, and it should be built in a single slope in the east-west direction.

2. Greenhouse construction: in order to reduce the cost, soil can be used to hit the north wall. The east-west wall is 3 meters high and 3.5 meters high from the north wall. It is supported by plaster strips (with steel bars). The south wall is 2.5 meters high, with work doors and ventilation windows on the east and west walls. The window is 1.5 meters high from the ground, and the north and south walls are glued with mud (except the window), which is used to prevent cold and heat preservation. In the shed, the gypsum strip (with steel bar) is used as the main column, and the row spacing is 3.5 meters. Bamboo is used as the skeleton above the column, connecting the south wall and the north wall, tied into a square of 50 cm, covered with no dripping film, and covered with a layer of grass curtain. The time of withholding the shed is between late December and early January.

Cherry tree variety selection

The main results are as follows: 1. The purpose of establishing greenhouse cherry is to put cherries on the market earlier so as to obtain higher economic benefits, so the excellent varieties with early maturity and high self-flowering fruit setting rate should be selected in the selection of varieties. Such as red light, bright red, cinnabar, sharp leaves and other varieties. At the same time, pollination trees (such as Rabins or Steinler) should be allocated at the proportion of 4:1 to prevent low self-flowering seed setting rate, low quality and so on.

2. In order to make more economical use of land and early benefit, cherry seedlings should choose strong seedlings with strong root system, many fibrous roots, strong seedlings and full buds, or primary fruit trees with shorter body and more bore branches at the age of 5-8 years. Mountain cherry rootstocks should be selected, and dwarfing rootstocks (such as Caiyang dwarf cherry) should be used as interstocks.

Pruning techniques of Cherry trees

The main results are as follows: 1. The young trees remove the overflourishing erect main branches and overprosperous overgrowing branches on the middle trunk, and mainly draw the branches and carve buds to the retained main branches and lateral branches on the main branches. The opening angle of the main branch is 60-70 degrees, and the opening angle of the lateral branches is 70-80 degrees. When pulling the branches, they should be drawn into a line and should not be arched. Bud carving is usually carried out before bud germination in early March, and the purpose is to promote lateral branches on the main branch.

2. The tree in the early fruit stage is 4 ~ 7 years old, so it is necessary to adjust the tree structure and pay attention to the cultivation of fruiting branches on the main branches. First, gradually remove the main branches that are too low and too dense, so that the main branches do not affect each other. The second is to retract properly without branching to promote branching. The third is to retract or rejuvenate the weak lateral branches and ease the growth to promote flower formation.

3. In the full fruiting stage, the tree structure should be adjusted to improve the scenery conditions in the crown, and the extra erect branches, over-dense branches, overlapping branches and cross branches in the crown should be resolutely thinned, so as not to disturb the tree shape and consume nutrition. If the tree is too high, drop its head in time and be happy to control the crown height with weak branches.

Cherry tree flower and fruit management

1. Spraying "Yunda-whole tree fruit" 1500-2000 times twice before and after the early flowering stage of cherry can fully promote the normal development and elongation of pollen buds and pollen tubes, significantly increase the fruit setting rate, and help pollination and fertilization to reduce the shedding of flowers and fruits.

2. During the expansion period of young cherry fruit, spraying "Yunda-whole tree fruit" 2000 times can reduce the shedding of cherry stalk, prevent the formation of pedicel delamination, reduce the secondary physiological fruit drop, and fully promote the synchronous division and elongation of cells. make the stalk strong and elongate, accelerate the uniform growth of fruit, promote the synthesis and transformation of fruit sugar, and obviously increase the selling price.

3. At the initial stage of fruit coloring, measures such as picking leaves and laying reflective film 10-15 days before harvest are taken to promote fruit coloring, and spraying calcium salt before harvest (spraying 0.3% calcium chloride solution three times every other week before harvest can reduce fruit cracking and prolong shelf life).