Planting techniques of Cherry seedlings

Cherry is native to the tropical West Indies and the Caribbean. It is suitable for growing in tropical and subtropical regions with abundant rainfall, sufficient sunshine and suitable temperature. It is famous for being rich in vitamin C. it is recognized as the "king of natural VC" and "fruit of life" in the world. It is of great cultivation value. Let's take a look at cherry sapling planting techniques.

Growth habits of Cherry trees

Cherry is a fruit tree that likes light, temperature, humidity and fertilizer. It is suitable for growing under the climatic conditions of average annual temperature of 10-12 ℃, annual precipitation of 600~700mm and annual sunshine hours of more than 2600-2800h. When the daily average temperature is higher than 10 ℃, it can grow well in 150 to 200 days, and grow well in places where the extreme lowest temperature in winter is not lower than-20 ℃. If there is frost damage in the area, the cherry orchard can choose the northwest slope where the temperature rises slowly and the air is well ventilated in spring. Considering that the root distribution of cherry is shallow and easy to fall, the orchard should be in the area free from wind damage, and the soil should be sandy soil with loose soil and deep soil layer.

Propagation techniques of Cherry seedlings

The main results are as follows: 1. The real method: after the cherry is harvested, cut the peel and pulp to take out the core, wash the pulp outside the attached core with clean water, and then put it in a cool place to dry for 1 ~ 2 days before sowing. The kernels were sowed directly in a shallow basin during sowing and germinated about 10-30 days after sowing. Wait for the seedling to grow to 5cm 250 cm, then transplant it into a plastic soft basin. Cherry seeds germinate easily, but they do not germinate neatly, and the seeds produced by some plants often lack viable embryos, and the germination rate is often less than 30%. The fruiting age of Fada was late and the quality of seedlings varied greatly.

2. Cutting method: select semi-mature strong branches during spring and summer growth, 0.7-30 cm in diameter, 15-500 cm in length, epiphytic 4-6 leaves, inserted in river sand, vermiculite or peat soil or several mixtures are suitable for cooperative nursery bed medium, especially cuttings should be kept moist and shaded. The roots took root about 1.5 ~ 2 months after cuttage, and then transplanted after the root group grew vigorously. If the cuttage method is managed face-to-face, the survival rate will be 60-90%. The cutting method is simple and has the highest success rate.

3. Striping method: select the branches of more than two years to peel the skin in the lower part near the node, then put the moist grass into a transparent plastic bag to wrap the whole wound, and tie up the upper and lower ends. When it takes root, it will be cut under the pressing part, and the pot plant will become a new plant. It is usually chosen in the vigorous growth period of cherries (in late spring and early summer), which is easy to root. Although it is easy to take root, there is a great difference in effect among varieties.

4. Grafting method: Cherry grafting takes cherry seedlings, mountain cherry and cherry blossoms as rootstocks, good cherry varieties as scions, before sprouting in spring, and the best rootstock is the same or similar to the thickness of scions, either by split grafting or by grafting. The propagation of cherry seedlings by grafting is the most commonly used method in practical production.

Pruning technique of Cherry seedlings

The main results are as follows: 1. The young trees remove the overflourishing erect main branches and overprosperous overgrowing branches on the middle trunk, and mainly draw the branches and carve buds to the retained main branches and lateral branches on the main branches. The opening angle of the main branch is 60-70 degrees, and the opening angle of the lateral branches is 70-80 degrees. When pulling the branches, they should be drawn into a line and should not be arched. Bud carving is usually carried out before bud germination in early March, and the purpose is to promote lateral branches on the main branch.

2. The tree in the early fruit stage is 4 ~ 7 years old, so it is necessary to adjust the tree structure and pay attention to the cultivation of fruiting branches on the main branches. First, gradually remove the main branches that are too low and too dense, so that the main branches do not affect each other. The second is to retract properly without branching to promote branching. The third is to retract or rejuvenate the weak lateral branches and ease the growth to promote flower formation.

3. In the full fruiting stage, the tree structure should be adjusted to improve the scenery conditions in the crown, and the extra erect branches, over-dense branches, overlapping branches and cross branches in the crown should be resolutely thinned, so as not to disturb the tree shape and consume nutrition. If the tree is too high, drop its head in time and be happy to control the crown height with weak branches.

Fertilization techniques for Cherry seedlings

1. Base fertilizer: base fertilizer should be applied early in autumn, not later than November. Ring fertilizer, human and animal urine and soil miscellaneous fertilizer can be applied. In general, young trees and trees in the early fruit stage are treated with 30kg of human and animal feces or 100kg of manure, and 6080kg of human and animal feces or 200kg of manure on mature trees.

2. Topdressing: the time of topdressing is before flowering or the first rapid period of fruit, mainly with available nitrogen fertilizer, which can increase fruit setting rate, promote shoot growth and leaf hypertrophy, and lay a good foundation for flower bud differentiation. If 0.5% urea is sprayed twice in the early flowering stage, 0.5% boron fertilizer or 600 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added, the fruit setting rate can be increased more.

3. Fertilizing: fertilizing after fruit harvest can improve the nutrition of the tree and promote the differentiation of flower buds. After fruit picking, the fruit trees changed from the stage of nutrition consumption of flowering and fruiting, branch and leaf to the stage of nutrition accumulation and began to enter the qualitative change stage of flower bud differentiation. Therefore, the types of fertilizers are mainly available fertilizers, such as mature human feces and urine, bean cakes and chemical fertilizers. The amount of fertilizer application can be determined according to the tree age, the size of the crown and the number of fruit, the general application of rotten familiar human feces 6080 kg, or mature bean cake 2.5 kg, or ammonium sulfate 1.5 kg, or urea 0.5 kg 1 kg. It can also be foliar sprayed.