Planting technique of Rosa roxburghii

Rosa roxburghii, also known as Rosa roxburghii, wooden pear, Rosa roxburghii, etc., is the fruit of silk reeling flowers of perennial deciduous shrubs of Rosaceae. It has a warm and humid climate, with an average annual temperature of 12-16 ℃ and annual rainfall of more than 1000 mm. It is not strict with soil requirements. It is better to use acidic or slightly acidic soil of pH5.5-7. Let's take a look at the planting technology of Rosa roxburghii.

Propagation methods of Rosa roxburghii Tratt

1. Seed propagation: spring sowing and autumn sowing. Rosa roxburghii roxburghii seeds have no obvious dormancy period, and the germination rate and seedling emergence rate can reach more than 90% after the seeds are mature in autumn. Sowing in autumn, collecting seeds after fruit ripening in the first and middle of September, sowing seedling bed immediately, and emerging seedlings in the middle and late October. The nursery was transplanted in March of the following year and can be out at the end of the year. But in winter cold areas need to be covered with plastic film to prevent freezing. It is suitable for spring sowing from late February to early March, emergence in early April and transplanting to nursery from late May to early June. Soak the seeds in warm water of 50-60 ℃ for 12-24 hours the day before sowing, then wash and sow the seeds, which can germinate 5 days earlier and increase the germination rate.

2. Cuttage propagation: spring, summer and autumn can be carried out. Spring cutting cuts the annual branches pruned in winter to 10-12 cm long, with the lower end oblique under the bud and the upper end 1 cm above the bud. Hide one bundle of 100 roots in the wet sand. In the first and middle February of the following year, the plant row spacing of 9x24 cm was obliquely inserted into the nursery, showing 1 bud, and the bed soil around the cuttings was firmly planted. It sprouted in the middle of March and the survival rate was more than 90%. Cutting in summer and autumn, take 1-3 years old branches, treat the base of cuttings with ABT rooting powder, the rooting survival rate is 100%.

Planting method of Rosa roxburghii Tratt

1. Planting preparation: before planting, the soil should be deeply ripened, improved and planted ditches or holes should be dug. Mountain garden, the soil plough layer is thin, less organic matter, low fertility, the need for soil improvement, generally need to dig 40 cm deep, wide or 60 cm in diameter ditches or holes, fully mixed topsoil and farm manure and other backfill with water or solid edge of the border.

2. Planting density: for the plots with poor conditions or extensive management, the row-plant spacing of 2m × 1m or 2m × 1.5m can be adopted, and the row-plant spacing can be appropriately larger for the plots with fertile soil and sufficient Rain Water. 2.5m × 1.5m or 2.0m × 1.5m is more suitable.

3. Planting time: because Rosa roxburghii is wet and not resistant to drought, the protective tissue is underdeveloped, and it is easy to transpirate, so it is generally planted in Guizhou during the dormant period from late November to early February of the following year. Other areas can be decided according to the actual situation.

4. planting method: when planting, dig a hole of suitable size on the planting hole, put the Rosa roxburghii seedlings into the pit, determine the location and depth of the seedlings, spread the roots, fill them into the fine soil, and then lift the seedlings up slightly to make the roots spread out, and then fill the soldiers back. The depth of planting is based on the depth of the soil when the seedlings come out of the nursery, build small soil ridges around the planting holes or on both sides of the ditch, pour through the planting water, and strengthen the management to ensure survival.

Planting management of Rosa roxburghii

1. Shaping and pruning: keep the tree 1.5-2 meters high, with a crown width of about 1.5 meters. There are 5-8 main branches in the whole cluster, on which the fruiting mother branches are staggered. At the initial stage of planting, it is allowed to grow, promote fruit and form a crown, then remove overdense, drooping and overlong branches, and cultivate fruiting mother branches by the combination of winter and summer pruning to achieve the purpose of three-dimensional fruit.

2. Fertilizer and water management

① regulates pH: adjusts soil pH to make it slightly acidic to neutral, pH5.5-7.0. If the soil is too sour, it should be adjusted with lime water, and if the soil is too alkaline, gypsum or sulfur should be applied.

② to increase the application of organic fertilizer: to increase the application of organic fertilizer, such as barnyard manure, soil manure, etc., base fertilizer in autumn every autumn, 22500 kg per hectare, before flowering, topdressing in the young fruit stage, urea 75-90 kg per hectare.

③ soil moisture management: to strengthen soil moisture management, drought into timely irrigation, waterlogging and drainage, when soil consolidation, timely ploughing and weeding, and so on.

3. Pest control: the common diseases and insect pests of Rosa roxburghii are powdery mildew, aphids, diamondback moth, debt-avoiding moth, whitefly, heart-eating insect and so on. Powdery mildew occurs in both spring and autumn, and powder rust should be sprayed in time at the beginning of the disease in early June, and the control effect can reach 74%. 88%. Aphids are mainly harmful to new shoots, and should be sprayed with 2000 times of dichlorvos, which has a good control effect. in addition, it is also effective against leafhoppers, diamondback moths, leaf rollers, small ape leaf insects and so on. Whitefly whitefly parasites on the back of leaves and can be controlled by 2000 times isocarbophos when insect pests occur from May to August. The heart borer can be controlled by spraying 2.5% enemy killing 6000 times liquid and spraying twice from early July to August.

4. Harvest and drying: the fruits have ripened one after another from August to the end of September. The fruits should be dark yellow and should be picked in batches when the fruit is fragrant. It should be protected against pressure when picking and sold immediately after harvest. The dried fruit is easy to process and can be dried and dried in the sun. The storage time of dry products is about 1 year. Before entering the warehouse, each ton of dry products should be smoked with 2 kg of sulfur powder for 2 hours, then packed in gunny bags and stored in film bags. After 1 year, only 2.85% of vitamin C was lost. Without fumigation treatment, the loss of vitamin C will be as high as 80% after 1 year.