Cultivation techniques of Bailan melon in greenhouse

White melon is an annual creeping or climbing herb of Cucurbitaceae. This cultivated species was introduced from the United States. Compared with traditional single greenhouse or small greenhouse, it has the advantages of early listing and good quality. Moreover, it can effectively avoid the high incidence period of diseases, thus increasing economic benefits. Let's take a look at the greenhouse cultivation technology of white melon together.

Growth Habits of Melon

White melon is widely cultivated all over the country, and also widely cultivated in temperate and tropical areas of the world. Lanzhou is the most popular in China, and the products of Qingbaishi Township, Chengguan District, Lan 'Zhou City are the most famous. It is dry and suitable for planting in arid areas. Lanzhou is located in the central part of the Loess Plateau in northwest China, belonging to continental climate, with less rainfall, strong sunshine and high temperature day and night, which is very favorable for the growth and sugar accumulation of Bailigua.

Cultivation techniques of honeydew melon

1. Land selection and preparation: It is advisable to select new sand land with open periphery and superior microclimate as cultivation land. in that autumn of last year, base fertilize is applied accord to the sowing rows, and the dosage is as follows: decomposed cow dung 2000 kg, diammonium phosphate 25 kg, oil residue or bean dregs 100 kg and phosphate fertilizer 30 kg are applied per mu; after the base fertilizer is applied, the ground fertilizer is leveled and compacted; after the ground fertilizer is coated with sand and gravel, sufficient water is sprayed for standby.

2. Variety selection: small ripe red flesh white peony melon, large ripe white peony melon, yellow river honey and other varieties. Dashubai melon belongs to thick non-reticulated melon, which is the main cultivated variety. Xiaoshu honeydew melon, the growth period of 110 days, because of its early listing, cultivation area is quite large, but its quality is far inferior to Dashu honeydew melon.

3. Greenhouse construction: The span and length of plastic greenhouses depend on the plot. Generally, the width is 3.5~5.5 meters and the length is 70~90 meters. Too long is not conducive to management. 7~10 days before sowing (about February 25), buckle the greenhouse to help the ground temperature rise, prepare enough bamboo poles and films for planting rows to build small sheds, and the greenhouse film can generally be used for two seasons.

4, timely sowing: sowing in early March is appropriate, first the seeds wrapped in gauze, soaked in warm water at 55℃ seeds, so that in warm water naturally cooled. After 12 hours, washing with clean water, placing the seed container at a constant temperature of 25 - 30 DEG C for germination, and sowing after reaching the germination standard. Sow 2 seeds per hole (if the seeds are more precious, you can also choose 1 full seed per hole), the general row spacing is 0.55~0.75×0.75 meters, and the density is 1300 plants/mu. After sowing, immediately set up small row sheds in the greenhouse according to the sowing rows, and tighten the film tightly.

Field management of honeydew melon

1. Seedling management: seedling starts about 10 days after sowing. It usually takes about 2 weeks to reach the seedling level. As the seedlings grow up, the temperature rises gradually, and the greenhouse should be ventilated during the day. Gradually open the two ends of the greenhouse during the day, compact at night, and at the same time, the ventilation of the small row shed should be increased in sequence. Generally, the temperature in the row shed should be controlled at about 30~32℃. When the seedling age is "5 leaf stage", the small row shed can be gradually removed according to the weather conditions.

2. Assisted pollination: the greenhouse cultivation of white peony melon adopts the method of 3-2-1 pruning of vines. The flowering stage should adopt worker auxiliary pollination to ensure normal sitting melon. Pollinating usually takes place in the morning.

3. Ventilation: The ventilation time and intensity should be determined according to the different growth stages of honeydew melon and the meteorological conditions of the day. Seedling period is early spring, weather factors outside the shed are changeable, ventilation should be smaller, only at noon ventilation for 4~5 hours can be. With the growth of seedlings, the outside world warms up, and the ventilation amount can be gradually increased to prolong the ventilation time.

4, temperature management: general requirements during the day shed 30~35℃ is appropriate, the minimum temperature at night should not be lower than 15℃. After fruiting, in order to promote fruit expansion and sugar accumulation, ventilation should be increased during the day, and the canopy film at both ends of the greenhouse can be opened during the day. In late high temperature weather, the tuyere can be opened by rolling film on both sides of the greenhouse and closed at night. In case of cloudy days, more attention should be paid to extending the ventilation time to reduce the humidity in the shed.

5. Timely harvest: White melon and yellow river honey belong to the middle and late maturity of thick-skinned melon. It takes about 120 days for these two varieties to be harvested from sowing. Among them, it takes 55 days from female flower opening to fruit maturity. Besides fruit development time, it can also be harvested according to the inherent color of these two varieties when they mature. Harvesting can be gently pressed umbilical slightly elastic feeling, but also pay special attention to the fruit touch the skin color. If the skin color of the fruit touching the ground has changed into milky white and shiny, and the yellow honey has changed into orange or golden yellow, the fruit is fully ripe and can be harvested.

Control of Melon Diseases and Pests

1. Damping-off disease: The main goal of prevention and control should be to cultivate strong seedlings, and do a good job of crop rotation to improve plant resistance, or spray roots with Dike pine solution.

2, vine blight: found that the diseased plants should immediately spray the whole plant with mancozeb, after every 5 to 7 days spray once, can also be used formalin 100 times solution smear disease.

3. Powdery mildew: Generally, it occurs in the middle and late stages of melon growth, mainly harming leaves. If diseased leaves are found, pesticide can be sprayed once in time. 50% wettable carbendazim 500 times solution or 70% methyl thiophanate 800~1000 times solution can be sprayed, and 25% triadimefon 3000 times solution can also be used for control.