Planting techniques of Xiahei Grape

Summer black grape produced in Japan, is the descendant of Kyoho grape, for Europe and America early-maturing varieties, July can mature, its characteristics are early-maturing, seedless, high sugar and low acid, rich flavor, fine crisp meat, medium hardness, in Europe and America grape is relatively hard, the following small series for everyone to introduce summer black grape cultivation technology!

Learn about summer black grapes

Under natural conditions, most ears are conical, some are bifidus shoulder conical, the average ear weight is 400g, the average grain weight is 3.5g. After treated with special summer black swelling formula, the fruit clusters are cylindrical or conical, the fruit grains are tightly planted, the ear shape is neat, the average ear weight is 670 grams, the maximum ear weight is 1 kg, the fruit grains are nearly round to short oval, the average single grain weight is 9.35 grams, the large fruit can reach more than 12 grams, the pericarp is purple-black or blue-black, the coloring is fast, the coloring is consistent, the fruit powder is thick, the appearance is beautiful, the flesh is hard and crisp, the soluble solid content is 17.3%, the highest reaches 22%, the taste is thick and sweet, and the quality is excellent; Flower bud differentiation is good, high yield, disease resistance, storage and transportation resistance. Maturing on June 25 in Jinhua, mature fruit hanging time as long as 1 month, no seed drop, no cracking fruit, no taste change.

1, grape growth period of 150 days-160 days (seedling needs 30-40 days), grape life and economic cultivation years can generally reach 30 to 50 years.

2, the role of grapes: grape fruit color bright, juice delicious; rich in nutrients: it contains 10~30% sugar, organic acids 0.5~1.4%, protein 0.15~0.9%, inorganic salts 0.3~0.5%, and contains a variety of vitamins, and amino acids required by the human body; wine: grapes in addition to raisins and grape juice, but also wine; beautification, shade: in the home roof platform planting grapes can beautify the roof, but also shade.

3, planting season: the temperature between 15-25℃ spring planting is appropriate, such as early March-April; layering can start in early April; such as early March-April; layering can start in early April.

the preparatory work

1, the selection of improved varieties: grape varieties are many, such as giant peaks, rattan, gold fingers, etc., they mature early, adaptable, according to the local weather, fruit use to choose high-quality varieties.

2. Soil layer selection: choose sandy loam with convenient transportation, convenient drainage, deep soil layer and loose soil (good permeability and fast ground temperature recovery).

3. Soil preparation: soil preparation in autumn and winter of the first year, evenly mixing decomposed organic fertilizer with soil, irrigating about 1500 kg of decomposed fertilizer per mu before soil preparation, adding 100 kg of calcium superphosphate at the same time, and then deeply turning the soil about 30 cm, knocking the soil fine, and finishing into a seedbed with a ditch width of 0.8m and a depth of 0.4~0.6m for planting.

4, selected frame: cultivation frame can choose V-shaped frame, high and wide vertical T-shaped frame, horizontal scaffolding, single-wall fence frame should not be selected. According to the selected frame reasonable garden, material selection, erection.

5. Reasonable planting: From late November to March of the following year, strong seedlings are selected, and 2-3 full buds are planted after short cutting. After planting, water is poured and covered with black plastic film to keep moisture and prevent weeds. The planting density of the two kinds of cultivation frames was 2.5m×1.2m(double cross V frame),2.8 -3× 1m (vertical T frame), 4m × 1m (horizontal frame).

6. Advocate facility cultivation: In addition to open-air cultivation, summer black grape can be cultivated in facilities if conditions permit. Greenhouse cultivation can advance maturity by 10 to 15 days, increasing economic benefits. Rain shelter cultivation could not advance the market, but it could reduce the occurrence of diseases.

juvenile tree management

1, topdressing to promote growth: fertilization follow the principle of thin fertilizer and frequent application, generally in the exhibition of 8 leaves after the beginning of topdressing, every 10 to 15 days, mainly before August, mainly available nitrogen fertilizer, April to May with 0.3% urea or 0.5% carbon ammonia solution; seedling roots after the film is broken irrigation. 0.3%~0.5% compound fertilizer is applied from June to July, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are mainly applied after August, and topdressing is carried out until September.

2, tied vine shaping: seedlings planted in time after the vertical cement column, tension wire. Planting seedlings insert a bamboo pole, when the new shoots grow to 50--60 cm when the vine on the pole, and do a good job in time to tie the vine, tendrils, topping and other work. "V"-shaped horizontal frame and high and wide hanging T-shaped frame in the first iron wire at the core, leaving two auxiliary shoots on top, led to the left and right sides of growth, forming two arms; horizontal scaffolding in the fast approaching frame surface when the core.

3, spraying disease and pest control: the first year is mainly to control black pox and downy mildew. After spreading 3 leaves, spray fungicide once every 8~10 days to prevent diseases, such as Kebo, Penke, Kelu, etc. alternately, add Baoli Feng No.1 or No.2 at the same time of spraying in the middle and late stages, and add pest control when pest is found.

4. Winter shears: winter shears are cut off at the joints of the two arms. 2~3 buds shall be reserved for accessory shoots ≥0.5 cm in diameter, and those less than 0.5 cm shall be cut off. The seedlings that did not grow to the first iron wire were cut at the base of 2 to 3 buds and re-shaped in the second year. The trestle leaves 3-4 branches on the trestle surface.