Planting techniques of Big Cherry

Cherry, also known as wedge peach, Yingtao, Cherry, etc., is a general term for some plum plants, including cherry subgenus, sour cherry subgenus, laurel cherry subgenus, etc. Fruit can be eaten as fruit, appearance bright color, crystal beautiful, red such as agate, yellow such as condensed fat, fruit rich in sugar, protein, vitamins and calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium and other elements.

Cherry planting conditions

Peach likes warm and light, adapt to warm temperate East Asian monsoon continental semi-humid climate (moderate annual temperature, abundant rainfall, long frost-free period, early final frost period, annual average temperature of about 12℃, rainfall of more than 700 mm, frost-free period of about 250 days). Cherry is born in the sun of hillside or ditch edge, suitable for cultivation and planting at 300~600m above sea level and 33~39° north latitude. Big cherry bogey wind bogey freeze, suitable for the annual average temperature of 10~13℃ above, early spring temperature changes are not intense, cool and dry summer, moderate rainfall, sufficient light cultivation areas.

1. Fear of drought

Cherry root system is very shallow, only distributed in 5-30 cm of soil layer, taproot is not developed, mainly from the lateral root oblique direction. Although the root system is shallow, the leaves are large and constantly transpire water. If water is not replenished in time, the leaves will wither. Therefore, there is a saying that cherries do not leave water. When building gardens, they must be built in places with water to build cherry orchards.

2, afraid of water

Cherry tree afraid of water, soak a day tree will be destroyed. It turned out that it was afraid of both drought and waterlogging. If the water content in the soil exceeded 25%, the roots of the cherry would suffocate, rot roots, glue flow and other phenomena would occur, and even lead to the death of the tree. From this point we know that if you want to choose cherry orchards, you can't choose waterlogged depressions.

3. Big cherries are afraid of wind. We have to start from the characteristics of root system. Big cherries have shallow root system, few taproots and many lateral roots. They can be blown off in case of strong wind. That is to say, when building gardens, we have to analyze whether the wind in this area is strong or not and whether the big cherries will be blown down.

4, afraid of sticking

Cherry tree on the land requirements are also more stringent, it likes the soil layer deep, loose texture, high fertility of granular loam, sandy loam, loam and light soil, do not like clay soil, in the clay soil root development is poor.

5. Fear of salt and alkali

Cherry trees are sensitive to saline-alkali soil. If the salt content in the soil exceeds 0.1%, cherry trees are prone to yellow leaf disease, boron deficiency, iron deficiency, calcium deficiency and other comprehensive deficiency diseases. Using Di seed treasure trace element fertilizer will fundamentally solve this problem, a tree irrigation 50 grams Di seed treasure (mixed with water 30 jin). If the serious deficiency of nutrients, but also spray 3-4 times Di seed treasure 300 times liquid.

In addition to the above points, cherry also has certain requirements for climate. It is suitable for planting in areas with an annual average temperature of 7-14 degrees Celsius. The average daily temperature of the year is higher than 10 degrees Celsius for 150-200 days. The minimum temperature in winter cannot be lower than minus 20 degrees Celsius.

Cherry trees have high requirements for nutrients. When the organic matter content in the soil reaches more than 12%, they enter the fruiting period in three years, reach the high yield period in four years, and the yield per mu can reach more than 2000 kg (2 tons). When the organic matter content in the land is lower than 1%, the fruit is small, the taste is poor, and the yield is low.

Cherry garden requirements

Convenient transportation, water supply, climate and soil are the key, the rear slope is the safest, the temperature is low, the flowering is late, the frost damage is prevented, and the fruit is set completely.

After selecting the garden site, it is only the first step to plant big cherries. The following is to choose good cherry varieties. The principles are: good taste first, good color is very important, big size and high hardness, good storage and transportation price. This is the general requirement for large cherry varieties.

"Hongdeng" is a cherry variety bred by Dalian City Agricultural Science Research Institute in 1963. Because of its early maturity, large size and gorgeous color, it has become one of the fastest developing varieties in China.

"Na Weng", also known as yellow cherry, yellow cherry. It is an ancient European species. Around 1880, it was introduced into China from Incheon, Korea. At present, it is the main load variety in Yantai, Dalian and other places in China.

Pioneer, bred in Canada by the province of Colombia. Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, was introduced from the United States in 1983. The maturity period is in the middle and late June.

"Italian early red": introduced from Italy by Institute of Botany of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1989, the fruit is thick red, gorgeous, short fruit stalk, single fruit weight similar to red light, is also a precocious excellent variety.

Garden Establishment and Planting of Cherry

When we have selected the garden and selected the variety, the next work is to build the garden and plant it.

First of all, we should plan the orchard in a unified way. First, we should divide the orchard into several operation areas. There should be roads running through the whole garden in the areas, and there should be windbreak protection forests, especially in the upwind direction of the orchard. Windbreak forests must be built.

After the division of the operation area, it is necessary to start preparation from winter. Generally, 2000 kg to 3000 kg of organic fertilizer shall be applied per mu. After fertilization, the soil shall be deeply ploughed to make all the plots reach 40 cm thick living soil layer.

The time to plant trees is the spring of the second year. When the flowers bloom in warm spring, you should choose healthy seedlings. When purchasing seedlings, there is one point to pay special attention to, to select more than two varieties of seedlings, because the cherry self-flowering seed rate is low, garden construction must be equipped with pollination trees, can adopt the same plot 2 to 3 varieties planted at the same time, can solve the pollination problem. In the selection of varieties to consult professionals, to choose good affinity varieties, the quality of seedlings and garden success or failure is closely related, so new cherry orchards, must choose high-quality seedlings, seedlings had better choose biennial grafted seedlings, seedling height 80-100 cm, seedling root system is more developed the better, capillary roots more and dense, in the marriage interface 1 cm above the position, measure the seedling thickness, must reach 1 to 2 cm. Also peach branch bud eyes full selection, no insects and no disease seedlings.