How to raise potted fruit trees?

Fruit trees are dwarfed as pot cultivation has been favored by many people, but fruit trees are always fruit trees, and their roots will be restricted to a large extent because of the limited volume of the container. therefore, it is necessary to make the limited potted soil much more fertile than the natural soil in order to maintain the normal life activities of pot planting. Let's take a look at how to raise potted fruit trees.

Flowerpot selection

The flowerpots of potted fruit trees should choose tile pots, buckets and wooden boxes with good ventilation, good root growth and low price, which are mainly round in shape. among all kinds of texture containers, plain tile pots are the most suitable for planting fruit trees. The size of the flowerpot can be determined according to the needs, the general indoor or balcony display can choose the inner caliber of 25 cm 45 cm, 20 cm high about 35 cm.

Basin soil allocation

1. 6 parts of fertile ripe soil, 2 parts of river sand, 1 part of rotten sheep dung, 1 part of retting leaves and horseshoe fermentative fertilizer, mixed evenly according to proportion and sifted.

2. 5 parts of compost soil, 2.5 parts of garden soil and 2.5 parts of sandy soil, and then add 0.5 kilogram of 25% kryptonite compound fertilizer per cubic meter and mix well.

3. 4 parts of garden soil, 3 parts of humus soil, 2 parts of fine yarn soil and 1 part of plant ash were fully mixed and screened.

Pot culture

Select seedlings with strong plants, full bud eyes and no diseases and insect pests to be planted in pots before sprouting in spring. Before planting, root pruning, necrotic roots, and injured lateral roots should be trimmed, excessively long lateral roots should be cut short to promote their growth into fibrous roots, useful fibrous roots should be retained as far as possible, and overlong fibrous roots should be cut to about 20 cm, and disinfected by soaking them with 5-degree stone sulfur mixture. When planting, put a few pieces of broken tiles on the hole at the bottom of the basin, put a layer of coarse sand, add some nutritious soil, put into the seedlings, put the root system evenly, add enough nutritious soil to compact, pour enough water, and cover with plastic film.

Fertilizer and water management

As the root growth of potted fruit trees is limited, the nutrients absorbed by potted fruit trees are far from enough to meet the growth needs of fruit trees, so special attention should be paid to fertilizer and water management. Fertilization should be based on organic fertilizer, supplemented by available fertilizer, in line with the principle of less application for many times, combined with extra-root topdressing. In general, diluted organic fertilizer solution is applied every 7 to 10 days or so, urea solution can also be applied alternately with organic fertilizer liquid for 2 or 3 times in the early stage, and a small amount of nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer can be applied on the basin soil in the last fertilization in September. 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 0.3% urea is used for extra-root topdressing to ensure nutritional supply. Potted fruit trees should maintain a certain humidity of the potted soil during the growing period, and should be watered in time after drying, but it should not be too wet. Water once in the morning and evening in summer and every other day in autumn. watering should be strictly controlled during the dormant period, with the basin soil but dry.

Crown control plastic surgery

1. Tree shape selection: potted fruit trees can exert rich imagination according to personal hobbies and growth characteristics of planted tree species, and can be shaped into natural round head shape, tower shape, double-branch deer horn shape, single-branch cliff shape, weeping willow shape, dragon curve shape, etc., which are not only conducive to fruit, but also have aesthetic ornamental value.

2. Crown control pruning: the crown control technology plays a key role in the success or failure of bonsai cultivation of fruit trees, which can be controlled by the organic combination of dwarfing interstocks and short branch varieties, and the application of early fruit flower promotion techniques such as ring cutting, sprouting, coring, branch pulling, etc., properly increase the load, retract and other techniques to control the crown. The tree can also be dwarfed by chemical control technology, and plant growth inhibitors such as dwarftin, PBO, paclobutrazol and other plant growth inhibitors can be sprayed on the leaves during the growing period to make the branches stout, the internodes shorter and the plants dwarf.

Flower and fruit management

Most fruit trees have the characteristics of self-pollination or low seed setting rate, which can be improved by grafting pollination branches, artificial pollination, boron spraying during flowering and other measures. For bonsai with a large number of flower buds and many fruits, strict thinning of flowers and fruits should be carried out. In order to improve the fruit quality and the ornamental value of potted fruit trees, fruit bagging can be carried out, and word and decal should be carried out 15-30 days before fruit ripening.

Pest control

Potted fruit trees have fewer diseases and insect pests because of fine management, good ventilation and light transmission, and strong growth. In prevention and control, we should adhere to the principle of "giving priority to prevention, combining prevention and control, giving priority to physical control and supplemented by chemical prevention". Once diseases and insect pests occur, diseased branches, diseased fruits and diseased leaves should be removed in time, disease spots should be scraped off, and pests should be caught manually. When the occurrence of serious diseases and insect pests, you can choose to spray 70% methyl topiramate wettable powder 800 times solution or 65% Dysen zinc wettable powder 500 times solution to prevent the disease. Control aphids, red spiders and other pests with 2.5% aphid 1800 times solution and 20% white mite park 2000 times solution.