Propagation methods of hazelnut

Hazelnut is a plant belonging to the genus Hazelnut of Betulaceae. It is born in a shrub on the shady slope of a mountain at an altitude of 200~1000 meters. It has strong cold resistance, likes humid climate, likes light more, and sufficient light can promote its growth and development. The main methods of reproduction are sowing, dividing plants, root tillers and layering seedlings. Let's take a look at the breeding methods of hazelnut together!

seed reproduction

In the wild hazelnut forest, select high-yield, fruit big, no diseases and insect pests of the plant cluster as seed mother trees, from which select large seeds, full kernels, no diseases and insect pests of hazelnut for sowing. The germination ability of hazel seeds can be maintained for one year. Sowing time is suitable for spring, generally in late April. Row spacing 60 cm, plant spacing 6~8 cm for ridge cropping, row spacing 20 cm, plant spacing 5~6 cm for bed cropping. When sowing, first in the already flattened ridge surface furrows, furrows 5~6 cm deep. Then the pure seeds screened out of wet sand are scattered into the bottom of the ditch according to the above-mentioned plant spacing, covered with soil 3~5 cm, and slightly pressed.

division propagation

There are two methods of plant division propagation. One is to dig up all the mother plants and divide them into several small clusters or individual plants. Each individual plant has roots and 1~2 branches. The other is to dig roots and tillers around the mother plant cluster, and separate several plants, but the mother plant is still retained. The ramets should retain a root segment of 20 cm and have a certain number of fibrous roots. After the seedlings leave the mother, they should cut short branches, leave 15~20 cm long, and immediately plant them, keep them moist and prevent water loss.

root shoot propagation

There are two methods of propagation of root tillers. One is to excavate the root tillers around the existing plants and obtain seedlings. The second is to reproduce in a special female garden. The parent plants prepared for reproduction should be cropped in spring to promote the emergence of roots. During the growth period, sufficient fertilizer and water supply shall be ensured, and proper thinning shall be carried out to ensure that the tillers are not too dense, so as to ensure that the tillers grow well and facilitate the digging of seedlings in autumn.

layering propagation

Horizontal layering: It can be carried out in autumn or spring, but it is most suitable for spring. The vigorous growth of annual branches horizontally open, spread on the ground, fixed, not pressure soil. Carefully protect leaf buds from germination. In this way, almost all buds can grow into new shoots on the horizontal plane. When the new tip grows to 10~15 cm, wind 2~3 circles of soft iron wire on each node (i.e. the base of each new tip) of the annual branch to promote the formation of new roots. Then the new tip is cultivated with soil for two-thirds of the height, and then cultivated 1 - 2 times according to the growth height of the new tip. After autumn defoliation, cut each section open to form a seedling with vertical new tip and root system at the base.

2. Arch layering: Arch layering is divided into hard branch layering and tender branch layering.

1. Hardwood layering: Hardwood layering is carried out in early spring, trenches 15~20 cm deep are dug around the plant clusters, and the decomposed farm manure mixed with the soil is sprinkled into the trenches, keeping the trench depth 10~15 cm. The distance between the groove and the base of the clump is suitable for the lower part of the branch to touch the groove bottom when bending down. Select well-developed annual branches and bend them toward the bottom of the ditch. Fix it, then press it with soil and fill the ditch and cultivate it. In this way, exposed on the ground bud germination growth, pressure in the soil part of the root. In order to promote good rooting of branches, but also pressure in the bottom of the branch part of the girdle, width 1~2 mm, remove phloem, or transverse cut a few knives can also be.

(2) tender branch layering: tender branch layering can be carried out in the first and middle of June, when the basal branch grows to 60~80 cm, the method is the same as hard branch layering.