Introduction to the Propagation method of Flame Orchid

Fire orchid likes the sunny environment and is cold-resistant, so it can survive the winter in the open field in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. The horticultural value of Flame Orchid is high, and it is deeply loved by orchid lovers. Artificial propagation of Flame Orchid can be done by means of ramet and cuttage. The editor will introduce to you these two propagation methods of Flame Orchid. Friends who like it can learn about it together.

Flame orchid

I. ramets

After flowering or in spring or autumn, the new buds naturally sprouted by adult plants or the new buds from mother plants after topping were cut off with a knife and planted separately, or the upper part of the stem with more than 3 aerial roots was cut off and planted in a new basin.

Second, cuttage

The remaining stems grow new buds after a period of time, and the new buds can be used as cutting materials. Cutting should be carried out in spring, autumn or after flowering.

The Culture method of Flame Orchid

Fire orchid is one of the orchids, and it is also a precious species with the highest ornamental value in orchids. Usually, many people want to plant fire orchids, but they don't know much about its breeding methods, and they can't raise them well. Today, the editor will write out in detail how to raise fire orchids. Friends who want to raise fire orchids can focus on it.

Flame orchid

1. The temperature of culturing Flame Orchid

At ordinary times, when raising this kind of plant, we should pay attention to the adjustment of temperature. it likes the high temperature environment. When the external temperature is between 18 and 35 degrees, it grows the fastest. In addition, the cold tolerance of this plant is poor. After entering winter, it is necessary to put it indoors at medium temperature or high temperature for the winter. As long as it can maintain a suitable temperature, it will not be dormant throughout the year.

2. Lighting

When raising flamboyant orchids, we must know that it is a kind of light-loving plant, which needs strong light when it grows. If it cannot absorb enough sunlight, it will make the leaves yellow and delay the flowering period. Therefore, it is best to put it in a sunny environment at ordinary times.

3. Aquaculture moisture

Fire orchid is a kind of water-loving plant. It is usually watered every two days when it is in the peak growing season, but stagnant water cannot appear in the flowerpot. When the external temperature is too low, stop watering, or water every ten days. In addition, in the peak growing season, it is necessary to spray water to its leaves in time to increase the humidity of the air, so that the flame orchid can grow healthily.

This paper introduces the culture method and species classification of flame orchid.

Fire orchid is a very beautiful species of orchids, is a kind of tropical rare orchids with high ornamental value, and has high application value in horticulture. For the flame orchid many people do not know, the following wed114 marriage network Xiaobian to bring you a detailed introduction of flame orchid, let's have a good understanding of the breeding methods of flame orchid, which varieties are classified.

Introduction of Flame Orchid

Flame orchid, stem climbing, stout, hard, Terete, leaves distichous, obliquely or subhorizontally extended, tongue or oblong, inflorescences opposite leaves, 4 inflorescences, stout and hard, base with 4 short sheaths, up to 1 m long, often with several branches, panicles or racemes sparsely many flowers, flowers red, spreading. Middle sepals narrowly spatulate, petals similar to middle sepals but smaller, apex subrounded, margin with orange spots on the inside, florescence 4 Murray June, produced in Hainan (Sanya City, Lingshui, Baoting, Ledong, Danxian, Qiongzhong), Guangxi (resources), up to 1400 m above sea level, climbing on tree trunks and rocks in ditch margins, open forests, distributed in Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam. The type specimens were collected from Vietnam.

The flame orchid is a kind of tropical rare orchid with high ornamental value, which is very popular in foreign countries. There are 15 species of this genus, which are distributed from Southeast Asia to the Himalayas, as well as in South China. These two kinds of flame orchids produced in China have bright red color and vigorous growth, and have high horticultural application value and breeding utilization value. their growing environment is tropical and subtropical, so they are suitable for cultivation in Guangzhou. In the future, it is expected to establish its breeding and production base in South China, forming industries similar to Phalaenopsis and Dendrobium.

1. Morphological characteristics of stem

Stems climbing, stout, hard, Terete, more than 1 m long, ca. 1.5 cm thick, usually unbranched, internodes 3-4 cm long.

Leaves: leaves distichous, obliquely or subhorizontally extended, ligulate or oblong, 7-8 cm long and 1.5-3.3 cm wide, apex slightly unequilateral 2-lobed, base clasping and descending into clasping sheaths.

Flowers: orchid inflorescences opposite leaves, often 3mur4, stout and hard, with 4 short sheaths at base, up to 1 m long, often with several branches, panicles or racemes sparsely many flowers; floral bracts small, broadly ovate-triangular, ca. 3 mm long, apex acute; pedicels and ovary 2.5 cm long; sparks red, spreading. Middle sepal narrowly spatulate, 2ml 3 cm long and 4.5-6 mm wide, apex obtuse, with 4 main veins, margin slightly undulate and with orange spots inside; lateral sepal oblong, 2.5-3.5 cm long, 0.8 color 1.2 cm wide, apex obtuse, with 5 main veins, base narrowed into claws, margin obviously undulate Petals similar to middle sepals but smaller, apex subrounded, with orange spots on the inside of margin; labellum 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, not higher than gynostem, subsemiorbicular or square, ca. 3 mm long, 4 mm wide, apex subrounded, base with a pair of fleshy, entire semicircular callus; middle lobe ovate, 5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, apex acute, recurved from middle. Spur conical, ca. 4 mm; core column subcylindrical, ca. 5 mm; cap hemispherical, front end slightly elongated and narrowed, apex truncate and broadly concave; mucilaginous stipe ca. 2 mm, middle ±geniculate.

Extracted from the green leaves, the flowers are funnel-shaped, orange-red, and horticultural varieties are red, orange and yellow.

Florescence: flame orchid florescence from April to June.

2. Ecological habits

The fiery orchid is sunny and hardy, so it can survive the winter in the open field in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is suitable to grow in well-drained, loose and fertile sandy soil, and the growth period requires sufficient soil moisture.

Fire orchids generally grow up to 1400 meters above sea level, climb on forest edges, tree trunks and rocks in sparse forests, and are distributed in Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam. The type specimens were collected from Vietnam.

The orchid generally climbs on the edge of the gully forest, on the tree trunk and on the rock in the sparse forest, and is born at an altitude of 550m 1400m. It is characterized by a small lip in the center and a large calyx in the lower part. The plant is 30-150cm, and the diameter of the flower is about 4.5-5.5cm. Generally, there are dozens of flowers, which are very beautiful. The flower color is mostly red and orange, and the flowering period spans spring and summer. Generally, it can bloom for 25 cents and 30 days. It is an extremely beautiful species of orchids.

The Culture method of Flame Orchid

Due to the elongation and growth of the stolon, the trailing force of the plant is strong. Before planting, the soil should be fully ploughed, applied sufficient basic fertilizer and formed into high beds. The planting depth is 3 cm to 5 cm. Bulbs. Generally, bulbs bloom from June to August of that year, and small bulbs can only blossom the following year.

1. Key points of planting and rearing

1. Temperature

It is fond of high temperature environment, and the suitable temperature for growth is 1835 ℃. It is not cold-tolerant and needs to overwinter in a medium or high temperature greenhouse in winter. under the condition of keeping a suitable temperature, the plant has no dormancy period.

2. Lighting

It is the more light-loving species of orchids and needs strong light. But can not accept strong sunlight exposure when attached to the tree, otherwise the leaves will turn yellow.

3. Watering

During the non-dormant period, more water is preferred throughout the growth period. Adequate water supply should be provided to keep the basin soil moist.

4. Environmental humidity

Like higher air relative humidity, should often spray foliar water, keep the air relative humidity 70%-80%, otherwise it will affect the growth of the plant.

5. Fertilization

When planting, we should pay attention to the application of base fertilizer, and apply fertilizer once every semimonthly in the growing season. Attention should be paid to the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer near flowering.

6. Matrix

It can be prepared with fern root, charcoal, bark, coconut shell and other materials.

Second, the propagation mode of fiery orchid

Cymbidium is generally propagated by ramet or cuttage.

1. Ramet propagation

After the orchid blossoms or in spring or autumn, the new buds naturally sprouted by the adult plant or the new bud from the mother plant are cut off with a knife and planted separately, or the upper part of the stem with more than 3 aerial roots is cut off and planted in the new basin.

2. Cuttage propagation

The remaining stems of the orchid will be cut and new buds will grow after a period of time, which can be used as cutting materials. Cutting should be carried out in spring, autumn or after flowering.

3. Reproduction experiment

At present, the domestic research units for germplasm conservation of Cymbidium are collected in the field, and then propagated asexually by cutting stem segments or new buds, with a very low proliferation rate and a small number of preserved plants. it is difficult to meet the requirements of scientific research and protection; test tube technology is the most effective method of modern seedling breeding. at present, most orchids are produced by aseptic sowing and tissue culture.

At present, our research group is actively carrying out germplasm collection, tissue culture and cross breeding of Cymbidium. We have carried out self-crossing and cross experiments on the collected native species, including two native species in China, and have been successful. A large number of progeny protocorms and seedlings were obtained by test-tube sowing technology. The test-tube propagation technology of Cymbidium has not been reported in China, but only a few have been reported abroad. This indicates that our research in this field has stepped into the international advanced ranks.

III. Disease Control of Flame Orchid

The disease of flame orchid is mosaic disease.

Distribution and harm

The disease is common in Inner Mongolia, but the damage is not serious.

Symptoms: small, inconspicuous long chlorotic areas appear on the new leaves. The symptoms were mostly limited to one side of the leaf midrib, and the spots and stripes were clear after a few days. Within 1-3 weeks, the disease area expanded to grayish white, occasionally with deep small spots, and the contrast between the light green area and the dark green area was obvious. Black spots and stripes appeared on the back of the old diseased leaves, the tender leaves were necrotic, and the diseased leaves could fall early in severe cases.

Pathogen: the pathogen is orchid mosaic virus (CymMV), which is the most common orchid virus in the world. The virus particles are rod-shaped.

Disease regularity: diseased plants can be used as breeding materials. Contact with juices can spread the disease.

Prevention and control methods: select breeding materials from disease-free plants. Diseased plants should be removed in time and burned centrally. Avoid sap contact and infection when gardening. The parasitic range of this virus is wide, and attention should be paid to prevent mutual transmission.

Variety Classification of Flame Orchid

There are 15 species of this genus, which are distributed from Southeast Asia to the Himalayas, as well as in South China.

There are two kinds of orchid originating in China: Renanthera coccinea and Renanthera imshootiana.

Among them, Yunnan fiery orchid (R. imshootiana) is a protected plant in Appendix 1 of CITS, which is very precious. The giant panda in the plant is on the verge of extinction and is in urgent need of protection. These two kinds of flame orchids produced in China have bright red color and vigorous growth, and have high horticultural application value and breeding utilization value. their growing environment is tropical and subtropical, so they are suitable for cultivation in Guangzhou. In the future, it is expected to establish its breeding and production base in South China, forming industries similar to Phalaenopsis and Dendrobium.

Common ornamental species of the same genus

1. Yunnan Flame Orchid (R. imschooiiana)

The stem is longer and has aerial roots on the nodes. Leaves 2-row alternate, oblong, hard leathery, apex with oblique 2-lobed. Flowering from May to June, racemose or panicle axillary, with about 20 flowers, orange-red flowers, lips small, crimson.

2. Philippine Island Flame Orchid (R, philippinensis)

The stem adheres to the growth. Leaves 2-row alternate, apical sunken. Summer and autumn flowering, raceme, with 10 flowers, crimson.

Thailand Flame Orchid (R.monachia)

The stem can be up to 1 meter long, epiphytic. Leaves 2-row, hard leathery, short rectangular, top four oblique. Summer flowering, panicles branched, more than 10 flowers, red, with many yellow spots, red lips.