Culture method of hyacinth

Hyacinth flowers are rich in color, after a long period of hybridization and breeding cultivation, hyacinth gradually produced some special double varieties. Xinzi buries the heart, its flower language is: sad love, eternal remembrance, etc., is a common species of hydroponic flowers and trees, now the breeding methods of hyacinth are introduced as follows.

Culture conditions of hyacinth

1. Planting balls. The nutrients needed for hyacinth flowering are mainly supplied by the nutrients stored in the bulbs and leaves, as long as the bulbs with no damage to the epidermis, fleshy scales, hard, heavy and full bulbs are selected to produce rich and beautiful flowers.

2. Soil. It requires fertile soil, high content of organic matter, good aggregate structure and pH value 6-7. The culture soil can be prepared according to the ratio of rotten leaf soil 5 ∶ garden soil 3 ∶ coarse sand 1.5 ∶ bone powder 0.5. Before planting, chemical agents such as formalin can be used to cover the soil surface immediately after applying formalin at a soil temperature of 10-15 ℃. After 3 days of warm weather, remove the film and plant it after 1 day to keep the soil moist.

3. Light. Hyacinth only needs more than 5000Lx to maintain normal physiological activity. If the light is too weak, the plant will be thin, the stem is too long, the bud is small, the flowers are early, and the leaves are yellow. incandescent lamps can be used to fill the light at about 1 meter, but too strong light will also cause leaves and petals to burn or shorten the flowering period.

4. Temperature. When the temperature is too high, even higher than 35 ℃, the flower bud differentiation will be inhibited, the abnormal growth will occur, and the blind flower rate will increase; if the temperature is too low, the flower bud will be frozen.

5. Humidity. Soil moisture should be kept between 60% and 70%, too high, root respiration is inhibited and perishable, and if it is too low, the aboveground part wilts or even dies; the air humidity should be kept at about 80%, and the humidity can be increased by spraying and spraying water on the ground. Ventilation and other methods can also be used to reduce humidity.

Propagation methods of hyacinth

Mainly to divide the ball reproduction, breeding with seeds, can also be propagated with bulbs. One year after the mother ball was planted, it gave birth to 1 or 2 seed balls, and some varieties could give birth to more than ten seed balls. It can be used for bulb reproduction, which takes 3 years to blossom. The seeds propagate, sow in autumn, germinate in February of the following year, and the seedlings blossom after 4 or 5 years of culture.

1. Reproduce by dividing balls

After digging up the bulb in June, separate the big ball from the seed ball. "the big ball can blossom in early spring next year after autumn planting, and the seed ball needs to be cultivated for 3 years before it can blossom. Due to the low natural bulbbing rate of hyacinth, the mother plant can only produce 1-2 bulbs after planting for one year. In order to improve the reproduction coefficient, castration can be used to stimulate the bulbs to grow in summer dormancy.

In August, when the flower bud has been formed, the stem disk at the bottom of the bulb is evenly dug out, so that the wound at the stem disk is concave, and then cut vertically and horizontally from the bottom to the top, showing a cross incision until it reaches the center of the bud in the bulb. at this time, there will be mucus outflow, apply 0.1% mercury water to smear and disinfect, then expose it to the hot sun for 1 hour and 2 hours, and then spread it indoors. The room temperature is kept at about 21 ℃ to produce callus. When the base of the scale expands, the temperature gradually rises to 30 ℃, the relative humidity is 85%, and many small bulbs are formed in about three months. The bulblet culture induced by this method blossomed for 3 ~ 4 years.

2. Seed propagation

It is often used in the cultivation of new varieties, sowed in the culture soil in the cold bed in autumn, covered with soil of 1 cm, and germinated at the end of January and the beginning of February of the following year. The bulbs cultured from seedlings blossom after 4-5 years. Under general conditions, the germination ability of seeds can be maintained for 3 years.

Cultivation techniques of hyacinth

Hyacinth should choose well drained, not too dry sandy loam, neutral to slightly alkaline, before planting to apply sufficient base fertilizer, field cultivation, avoid continuous cropping. Cultivation methods include open field cultivation, pot cultivation, facilitative cultivation and water culture.

1. Land cultivation

It is suitable to be carried out from October to November, and the selection of soil with good drainage is the most important condition. Before planting, apply enough base fertilizer, add a thin layer of sand, and then line up the bulbs, 15 cm ~ 18 cm apart and 5 cm ~ 8 cm covered with soil. And cover with grass to keep the soil loose and moist. Generally, there is no other management before flowering. If seeds are not to be collected after flowering, the flower stem should be cut off to promote bulb development. The cutting position should be in the uppermost part of the flower stem as far as possible. The bulb roots can be dug up in early June, spread out and stored in cold storage, and the summer temperature should not exceed 28 ℃.

2. Potted plant technology

With loam, rotten leaf soil, fine sand and other mixed nutrition soil, generally 10 cm diameter potted one ball, 15 cm caliber potted 2cm 3 balls, and then buried in the pot, the overlying soil 10 cm ~ 15 cm, after 7-8 weeks, buds grow to more than 10 cm, go to cover the soil to make the sun shine, generally planted in October-November, flowering in March.

3. Aquaculture technology

Hyacinth aquaculture requires that the water level should have 1~2cm space from the chassis of the bulb, so that the roots can breathe. It is strictly forbidden to fill the bottom of the bulb with water. Put the seed head in a wide-mouthed glass bottle in December and add a little charcoal to help with disinfection and antisepsis. The head of the hyacinth is only dipped to the bottom of the ball. Then put it in a dark place and cover the bottle with a black cloth.

If you use fresh water to change the water every 7 days, if you use hydroponic nutrient solution, change the nutrient solution every 10 to 15 days depending on the degree of turbidity, no matter how to keep the water quality in the bottle clean. Hyacinth can be kept in a special gourd-like glass bottle, and its flower clusters can be seen in the upper paragraph.