Planting techniques of Palm trees

Palm is one of the most hardy palms in the world. it is an evergreen tree of Palm family. It is of high cultivation value. It is planted in courtyards, roadsides and flower beds and is suitable for viewing in four seasons. Wood can make utensils, fan leaf sheaths have brown fibers, leaves can make fans, hats and other handicrafts, and roots can be used as medicine. Let's take a look at the planting techniques of palm trees.

Cultivation value of Palm trees

Palm trees are widely cultivated in the south, mainly stripping their brown bark fibers (leaf sheath fibers) for rope, coir coat, brown tension, carpet, brushes and sofa fillers, etc. young leaves can be bleached to make fans and straw hats, unopened buds can be eaten, palm bark and petiole (palm board) calcined charcoal can be used in medicine to stop bleeding, fruits, leaves, flowers and roots can also be used as medicine. In addition, palm trees are graceful, and they are also excellent tree species for garden greening.

Growth habits of palm trees

Palm trees are native to China, and are also found in Japan, India and Burma. Palm trees are widely distributed in China, ranging from southern Shaanxi in the north to Guangxi, Guangdong and Yunnan in the south, to the boundary of Xizang in the west and to Shanghai and Zhejiang in the east. From the estuary of the Yangtze River along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, it is the most widely distributed. Usually only cultivated in the four sides, rare wild in the sparse forest, the upper limit of about 2000 meters above sea level, although it can be cultivated in the north of the Yangtze River, but the stem must be wrapped in grass to protect against cold in winter. Like warm and humid climate, like light. Extremely cold-resistant, slightly shade-resistant. Suitable for good drainage, moist and fertile neutral, calcareous or slightly acidic soil, resistant to light salt and alkali, but also resistant to drought and moisture. Strong ability to resist air pollution. The wind is easy to fall and the growth is slow.

Planting techniques of Palm trees

1. Seed collection and storage: seeds are collected from 15-40-year-old trees, but the seeds of young and old trees are not suitable. The palm trees should be harvested when the seeds are fully mature and gray from November to December. After removing the twigs, the seeds are placed indoors, spread 12cm to 15cm thick and spread out for about 15 days before they can be sown. If you want to sow in spring, you should mix the seeds with wet sand, spread them in the spreading room, cover them with straw and store them with moisture.

2. Nursery soil preparation: the land for nursery should be close to water source, less susceptible to drought and waterlogging, and more fertile sandy loam or clay loam. In general, every 7 square meters of rotten human feces and urine, 20 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, ploughing, into a 1.4-meter-wide border, the whole border surface clods, you can sow.

3. Sow seeds at the right time: soak the seeds in ash water for 48,64 hours before sowing, wipe off the pericarp and the wax outside the seeds, wash and sow the seeds. Strip sowing, with a distance of 20cm to 25cm. After sowing, cover the seed with ash dung and fine and fertile soil mixed dung, not too thick, with a degree of 2 to 2.5 centimeters. Then cover it with a layer of rice (wheat) grass to prevent the soil from drying and hardening.

4. Seedling management: when more than 80% of seedlings emerge, remove the cover grass in the evening and spray the border surface with a spray can. The soil should be kept moist at the seedling stage and weeds should be pulled out in time. One month after emergence, water was watered with 2 kg of urea every 7 square meters. After 3 months and 4 months, the seedlings were pseudo-planted when they had 3 leaves.

5. Timely false planting: the pseudo-planting soil should be loose and fertile, with 80 tons of mixed manure per 667 square meters of rotten mature soil. The distance between the pseudo-planting plants is 15 cm × 13 cm. After planting, the plants should be watered every evening until they survive. A month later, he began to loosen the soil and fertilize. In the hot season, it is necessary to beat the straw among the seedlings for shade. The height of the seedling is about 60 cm, and it can be transplanted.

6. Land selection and transplanting: choose hillside slopes with moist and fertile soil and good drainage, especially free land such as field head, land edge, house side, stream bank, roadside and so on. Low-lying land, heavy clay, dead yellow mud, over-acid and alkali, shallow soil are not suitable for planting. In July and August of the year before transplanting, all the weeds and shrubs on the ground should be cut down, about 30 centimeters deep, and the weeds and shrubs should be buried in the soil. When transplanting, they should break the soil, pick up stones and tree roots, and dig holes for afforestation.

7. Mixed planting technology.

① brown grain intercropping type: Brown grain intercropping type is the main management mode to develop palm trees in patches, to grow in short time, and to promote the growth of palm trees by ploughing instead of caressing and putting into production at an early date. In general, palm trees are sown or sown in many ways, with 3000 to 6000 trees per hectare, which can be put into production in about 12 years. After it is put into production, it can receive 750-3000 kg of brown slices per hectare. Intercropping crops are corn, potatoes, potatoes, beans and so on. Together in spring and spring, each hectare can harvest 3000kg to 3750kg of grain. There are also big spring seeds and small spring leisure people.

② mixed type: the mixed cultivation mode mainly appears in the zone of 800-1300m above sea level, and most of the mixed tree species are alder, cypress, paulownia, Toona sinensis, sequoia, paulownia and so on. The mixing effect of palm trees with fast-growing broad-leaved trees was better than that of conifers. Generally, other tree species are planted first, and then palms are planted after they are closed or close. In this way, pre-planting trees can be used to restrain weeds, improve light, water and nutrient conditions, and create a suitable environment for palm growth at a young stage.

③ brown tea intercropping: Brown tea intercropping is a common cultivation method in tea-producing mountain areas, and it is also one of the methods to make full use of land resources by the combination of short-term growth and short-term growth. The general practice is to plant two rows of tea between two palm trees with a row spacing of 2 meters and a plant spacing of 1 meter. Often plant tea for 2 or 3 years and then plant brown, or brown and tea at the same time. Tea was harvested after 6 years, and brown slices began to be harvested in about 10 years.

④ pure palm forest: pure palm forest is often cultivated in areas with less labor, large barren mountain area, stony oak or stone oak on the surface of the soil, which is not suitable for farming. It is usually planted once, and then it is constantly naturally renewed, so as to achieve the purpose of cultivating follow-up resources and utilization at the same time. This kind of community is characterized by "several generations living in the same house" and has a high density, which can be put into production in about 12 years.