Main points of reproduction of daffodils

The flower language of daffodils is "mysterious". The florescence is about spring. Now daffodils have gone from indoor to outdoor, and some flower friends have made daffodils into bonsai for landscape exhibitions and environmental decorations. Artificial reproduction of daffodils can be done by means of plant division, sowing and tissue culture. The editor will briefly introduce these three breeding methods and matters needing attention for you.

Daffodils

First, divide the ball

The lateral buds in the bulb dilate to form a bulb. When the bulbs were dug out in autumn, the bulbs were divided and propagated, and the natural reproduction rate was 5 times higher than that of 4murs.

The flowering rate of the main bulb was 100% and that of the lateral bulb was 80% and 90%. The seed bulb needs to be cultured for 3 years before it becomes a flowering bulb. In order to improve the reproduction coefficient, the bulbs can be induced artificially. The bulb was cut longitudinally from the bulb disc to the top with a sharp knife. The depth of the bulb was about the height of the bulb, and the depth was about the height of the bulb, in order to damage the growth point of the short stem.

After cutting, the bulb was poured into clean dry sand to produce callus, and then cultured in a 21 ℃ breeding box, the temperature gradually increased to 30 ℃, relative humidity 85%, about 3 months to form a large number of bulbs, can be removed and planted.

The induced bulbs were cultured for 3-4 years to become flowering bulbs.

Second, sowing seeds

Sow seeds in mid-September. Sowing soil is a mixture of rotten leaf soil, peat and coarse sand, which is disinfected and put into a pot for sowing.

After sowing, fine management, the next spring seedlings, there are 1 leaf. In early summer, the leaves and roots withered one after another, forming dormant bulbs. Small bulbs need to be cultivated for 4-5 years to become flowering bulbs.

3. Tissue culture

The bulb or bud tip and stem disc were used as explants. First wash the detergent, then disinfect it with 75% alcohol and 0.1% liter of mercury for 30 minutes, and then rinse with sterile water 3 times.

The seedlings were inoculated on MS medium supplemented with 2-benzylaminoadenine 2mg / L and kinetin 0.1mg / L, and transferred to MS medium with 6-benzylaminopurine 2mg / L and naphthoacetic acid 1mg / L after half a month. Seedlings could be formed in about 15 days, and then transferred to rooting medium of 1/2MS plus 1mg / L indolebutyric acid. Rooting plantlets were formed after 10 days, and flowering bulbs were cultivated for 3 years.

Analysis on the main points of cultivation of daffodils in Zhangzhou

Daffodils have a history of thousands of years in China, and it is one of the famous flowers in our country. Zhangzhou daffodils are one of the "three treasures" of Zhangzhou. We can often see potted daffodils and daffodils in Zhangzhou.

Narcissus, alias ya garlic, Jinzhan silver platform, jade linglong, Lingbo fairy and so on. Sex like warm, moist, sunny environment, avoid hot and high temperature, cold and semi-shade resistance, like water and fertilizer, strong adaptability, suitable for loose, fertile, deep moist loam. Its growth law is dormancy in summer, growth in autumn and winter, and flowering in early spring. The florescence is from January to February. The method of reproduction is to reproduce in separate balls.

Cultivation tips:

1) Tips for choosing and buying Narcissus bulbs: look at the size of the bulbs. Generally, the bulbs with a diameter of more than 8 cm are first-grade products and those with a diameter of 6-7 cm are secondary products. The bigger the daffodil, the more flowers; look at the appearance of the bulb, the excellent daffodil bulb, the shape is flat and round, solid fan-shaped, the surface of the longitudinal vein stripes distance is wide, the middle membrane is tight, the upper bud tip is full. There are bulbs on both sides of the sphere, but the bulbs generally do not blossom; look at the shell color of the bulb, the shell is dark brown and shiny; pressing, squeezing the bulb with thumb and index finger has a sense of firmness, indicating that the bulb contains more flower buds. If you feel soft, this daffodil bulb is not good.

2) potted plant: usually from September to October, one large bulb, one part of rotten leaf soil and one part of river sand, one part of rotten leaf soil and two parts of garden soil were mixed with appropriate amount of rice chaff ash, and the dry and mature organic fertilizer at the bottom of the basin was used as base fertilizer. One plant was planted in each pot, and the covered soil was 2cm thick. Place it in a well-ventilated and sunny place. To strengthen fertilizer and water management, Frosts Descent was placed on a sunny and well-ventilated windowsill facing south to make it blossom in winter.

3) Water culture tips:

① water culture time choice, daffodils from germination to flowering 30-50 days, water culture time according to the need to bloom time. If you want to blossom in New Year's Day, you can have water culture 50 days before the festival. If you need to bloom during the Spring Festival, you can start aquaculture 40 days before the festival.

② aquaculture utensils selection: choose shallow pots, shallow bowls, dishes and other containers to put some pebbles to fix the root system.

③ bulb processing: before aquaculture, the bulb is processed. The method is to peel off the brown epidermis of the bulb, cut vertically and horizontally from the top of the bulb with a knife, showing a cross-shaped opening, and be careful not to hurt the bud. Also through the method of carving bulbs, there are common types such as crab claw daffodils, penholder daffodils, flower basket daffodils and so on. Soak the bulb wound downward with clean water for 1 day to fully drain the mucus, remove the mucus and apply it to the cut with skimmed cotton to avoid discoloration of the wound. Then, place the bulb in a container such as a shallow basin, spread pebbles or glass balls around to fix the bulb, and pour clear water to the base of the bulb, do not spread to the wound, lest the wound rot due to water immersion. Place in a well-ventilated, dark place to promote root growth. After 5-6 days, it was placed in the well-ventilated and sunny place of the indoor south window and kept at room temperature for 10-12 ℃ to fully receive light, so that the leaves grew fat and green, and the flowers bloomed big and fragrant. Change the water every 2 days. If you want to achieve the dwarfing of daffodil plants, you can pour out the water in the evening and irrigate the next morning. In addition, proper topdressing can prolong the flowering period. From the pregnant bud, 0.5 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied every 7 to 10 days, or 2 milliliters of medical glucose injection is used until the flower fades. After topdressing, daffodils usually have strong plants, large buds and many flowers, and the flowering period can be prolonged by 5 to 7 days.

Narcissus is vulnerable to diseases and insect pests such as brown spot, corm rot, dry rot, mosaic disease, nematode disease and so on.

Frequently asked questions about potted daffodils

What should be done after the daffodils are bought back?

① to dry. The bought daffodil head is first put indoors on the south-facing windowsill to dry for 2 days to make its outer skin dry and loose. Soak in ②. Peel off the brown skin on the outside, carefully remove the soil and dry roots from the stem plate, soak them in clean water for 2 to 3 days, and let the daffodils fully absorb water. ③ cutting. After the soaked daffodil ball grows a new white root, use a knife to cut each side of the narrow side of the top bud of the daffodil ball with a depth of 1. 3 of the daffodil ball, squeeze the wound with your hand, let the sphere crack slightly, discharge mucus, and wash it clean to prevent the surface of the sphere from yellowing.

Tips for prolonging the narcissus bloom

① extension method. Grind two aspirins into powder, put them in 1000 milliliters of water, dissolve and sprinkle them in the blooming daffodils basin, which can prolong the daffodil blooming period by about a week. ② brightening method. With the help of a medical syringe, the food pigment of the steamed pastry is dissolved in water, inhaled into the syringe and injected into the stem of the flower. When the daffodils are 25m high and 45cm high, the daffodils are hollow like a tube and can store colored water. The needle can be inserted at 4 points of the stem height (the needle is required to be as thin as possible), and water can be injected at this height. ③ timing method. To make the daffodils blossom during the Spring Festival, one month before the Spring Festival, put the daffodils in a medicine bowl, put a few pebbles, and soak them in clean water. During the cultivation period, the flower pot had better be often exposed to the sun, change the water once a day or every other day, and then put a few grains of salt in the water. In this way, it can not only make the daffodils blossom in the festival, but also prolong the florescence.

How to make daffodils blossom during festivals

It takes about 30 to 40 days for daffodils to sprout to blossom, and the hydroponic time can be determined according to the time spent. If you want to blossom in New Year's Day, you can do processing and aquaculture 50 days before the festival; if you want to blossom during the Spring Festival, you can start aquaculture 30 days before the festival. If you carve crab claw daffodils, it can be postponed for 4 or 5 days. If you want to make the daffodils open on May Day, peel off the brown skin of the daffodil balls that have not obviously sprouted, wash them and dry them for 1 or 2 days, and store them in the refrigerator storeroom near the door. The temperature should be kept at 5-10 ℃, which should be low first and then high. It is usually checked once a week. In mid-April, take it out and put it in cold water, it is best to soak it in dripping tap water for 3-5 days, then carve it and raise it in cold weather. In the first week of water culture, you should pay attention to cooling, put it in a cool outdoor place at night, use small ice cubes to cool down if possible, and pay attention to spraying water in time. In this way, you can enjoy the daffodils on May Day.

Why don't daffodils bloom?

① daffodils are immature. The bulb of Narcissus usually needs 3 years of culture before the flower bud can mature. The perimeter of the bulb is between 20cm and 30cm. Bulbs born in 2012 will not bloom. ② maintenance environment is not suitable. In the process of water culture, when the room temperature is more than 15 ℃ and the light is insufficient, the leaf buds grow excessively and consume a lot of nutrients, resulting in maldevelopment of the flower stem, slender and short, and the formation of "flowers hidden in the leaves". ③ does not change water in time. There is no change of water or oil impurities in the water for a long time during aquaculture, which will cause rotten roots and lead to the non-flowering of daffodils.

Why do daffodils appear "dumb flowers"

The quality of ① daffodils is poor. One is that the bulb is too small, its nutrients are insufficient, and the flower buds are naturally underdeveloped, resulting in a small bud. The other is that although the bulb is large, the bulb disc is dry, resulting in few fibrous roots, or even no long roots, and the phenomenon of "dumb flowers" appears because the flower bud is thin and the bud is shrivelled. Therefore, the water to raise daffodils should choose the daffodil head which is big, full, strong and free from diseases and insects. The room temperature of ② is too high to illuminate.