The Culture method of Beautiful Plum

Mei Ren Mei is a small deciduous tree of the genus Prunus in Rosaceae. Bright red leaves and purple branches are rare in other plum blossom varieties and can be watched all the year round. They can not only decorate the courtyard, open up a special garden, plant large areas such as plum orchards, Meixi, etc., but also make bonsai plants for major hotels and restaurants to display flowers, and can also be used as cut flowers and other decorations. Let's take a look at the breeding methods of Mei Mei.

The growth habits of Prunus mume

Mei Mei has strong cold resistance and belongs to positive tree species. It grows sturdily and blossoms luxuriantly in sunny places. Strong drought resistance, like high air humidity, not resistant to waterlogging. The requirement of soil is not strict, it is better to use slightly acidic clay loam (pH value is about 6). Not resistant to air pollution, sensitive to fluoride, sulfur dioxide and automobile exhaust. At the same time, it is also very sensitive to pesticides such as dimethoate.

The breeding method of Beautiful Plum

1. Cuttage: Mei Mei is generally easy to take root in mid-late October, and cuttings are generally taken from the upper or outer branches of the tree crown, and pay attention to cold and wind protection after cutting.

2. Branch grafting: choose annual strong seedlings as rootstocks, cut off at 5 cm from the ground, and cut longitudinally on one side of the section. The scion should be cut short into a scion with 3 or 5 full buds, cut into a wedge, insert the rootstock into a cut, align the cambium of the rootstock and the scion, and then wrap it tightly with thin film strips.

3. Budding: most of them are carried out in the growing season, and 1-2-year-old seedlings are selected for rootstocks. Cut the cortex of the rootstock into a "T" shape and open the cortex to both sides along the incision. The scion should select the middle bud of the robust branch of the year, cut the xylem 1mm above the bud and cut the bud longitudinally from the scion to form a shield bud. Insert the shield bud into the incision of the rootstock, align the cambium and fasten it with a thin film strip.

The Culture method of Beautiful Plum

1. Watering: the plants planted on the ground are watered once a year in early spring. If it is not too dry in the growing season, it should not be watered properly, but in the case of high temperature and drought in summer, the new leaves of the plants will be difficult to grow, and the old leaves will turn yellow and dry. Pay attention to drainage on rainy days, especially after overcast or heavy rain, otherwise rotting roots caused by stagnant water in the soil, frozen water can be poured again in early winter to increase the cold resistance of plants in winter.

2. Fertilization: Mei Mei Xi fertilizer can be planted with rotten chicken and duck manure, pigeon manure or other barnyard manure as base fertilizer, and must be fully mixed with the subsoil when fertilizing. Compound fertilizer mainly composed of phosphorus and potassium can be applied to promote flower bud differentiation from June to August. Cake fertilizer or rotten leaf fertilizer can be applied in autumn or early winter to improve soil and increase fertility. After application, attention should be paid to watering once to facilitate the absorption of plants.

3. Pruning: the beauty plum is resistant to pruning, and the tree shape is mostly natural and happy. Every winter, pruning and shaping are carried out, cutting off useless big branches, cross branches and overgrown branches, and shortening the overlong branches to maintain the beauty of the tree. Prune the senescent branches again after blooming in spring, leaving only 3 to 4 buds at the base to promote the germination of new branches. when the new branches grow to about 40 cm, they should be coring to control the growth of branches and promote the fullness of axillary buds.

4. Overwintering: beauty plum has a certain degree of cold resistance, but it should also be planted in the leeward and sunny place as far as possible. For the seedlings planted in the spring of that year, in addition to pouring frozen water, the trunk and main branches should all be painted white. The seedlings planted in autumn should also take measures such as wrapping the grass rope around the tree body and covering the tree pit with plastic film. After one year of survival, the seedlings can be managed normally, and you only need to paint white on the tree trunk to survive the winter.

5. Insect pests: the common pests of Mei Mei are aphids, diamondback moths, red spiders, longicorn beetles, etc., such as dichlorvos and other widely used insecticides, but it is not suitable to use omethoate and other pesticides that are prone to drug damage. For the stubborn insect pests such as longicorn beetles, the dry method of original liquid injection can be used.

6. Diseases: the common diseases of Mei Mei are leaf spot disease, leaf perforation disease, gum disease and so on. In addition to strengthening the management of water and fertilizer, we should also actively prevent them. Widespread fungicides such as chlorothalonil are sprayed 2 to 3 times every year in early summer and early autumn. When diseases occur, widespread fungicides should also be selected for control, and it is better to use them alternately. After winter pruning, the cut-off disease, insect and dead branches will be burned to clean up the fallen leaves.