Where are the potatoes from?

Potatoes, also known as potatoes, potatoes, ground eggs, etc., are native to the Andes in South America. The history of artificial cultivation can be traced back to southern Peru from 8000 to 5000 BC. Titicaca Lake District, which is 3800 meters above sea level in the Andes, may be the earliest place to cultivate potatoes. It is difficult to determine exactly when and where they were introduced into China. Let's take a look at where the potatoes are grown.

Where are the potatoes from?

The main potato producing areas in China are Dingxi City, Gansu Province, Guyuan City, Ningxia, Southwest China, Inner Mongolia and Northeast China. Dingxi City, Gansu Province, with its unique geographical environment and natural conditions, has become one of the best potato planting areas in China and even in the world. It has become one of the three main potato producing areas and the largest virus-free seed potato breeding base, an important commercial potato production base and potato product processing base in China, and is known as "the hometown of potatoes in China". A large number of potatoes are provided to provinces and cities throughout the country every year.

Growth conditions of Potato

With high yield, rich nutrition and strong adaptability to the environment, potato has spread all over the world. Tropical and subtropical countries can cultivate and obtain high yield even in winter or cool season. Sex likes to be cold and cool, and the formation and growth of its underground potato pieces need a loose, ventilated, cool and moist soil environment. The optimum temperature for tuber growth was 16-18 ℃. When the local temperature was higher than 25 ℃, the tuber stopped growing, and the suitable temperature for stem and leaf growth was 15-25 ℃, and stopped growing when the local temperature was over 39 ℃.

Growth cycle of Potato

The main results are as follows: 1. Dormancy period: putting potatoes in a suitable environment for germination after harvest and not germinating for a long time belongs to physiological natural dormancy. Tuber dormancy begins when the tip of the stolon stops polar growth and the tuber begins to expand. The time is related to the storage of the tuber, to whether the seedlings can emerge in time after sowing, and therefore to the yield.

2. Germination period: the potato sprouts from germination to emergence, the first stage of the main stem grows, the center of the growth during the germination period is the elongation of the bud, the root and the formation of stolon, the nutrition and water mainly depend on the seed potato, which is supplied according to the order of stem, leaf and root, and the growth speed and quality are controlled by the environmental conditions needed by seed potato and germination.

3. Seedling stage: from emergence to flattening of the sixth or eighth leaves, the potato completes the growth of a leaf sequence, which is called "clumps", which is the second stage of the growth of the main stem and is the seedling stage of potatoes. The time of seedling stage is relatively short, no matter spring or autumn cropping is only half a month.

4. The budding stage: the potato develops from the cluster to the twelfth or sixteenth leaves, when the main stem begins to rise sharply, and the main stem and leaves have been completed and branched and expanded. The root system continued to expand, the tuber expanded to the size of pigeon eggs, and there was a growth center turning stage in the budding stage.

5. Tuber-forming stage: after the completion of the potato germination stage, the potato entered the tuber-bearing stage, in which the stem and leaves grew less and less, the basal leaves began to turn yellow and withered, and the organic nutrients of each part of the plant were continuously transported to the tuber. the tuber expands faster, especially 10 days after flowering. The length of tuber-bearing period is controlled by climatic conditions, diseases and variety maturity, which is generally 30-50 days.