Planting time of oats

Oat is a kind of high nutritional value of both grain and grass crops, divided into two types of palea type (i.e., oats) and naked oats, not only protein content is higher than other grain crops, but also arid and semi-arid areas can not be replaced excellent forage, its feeding value is also higher than other crops, has a very high cultivation value, let's take a look at the oats planting time bar!

Growing time of oats

The planting time of oats varies from region to region. North China, Northwest China and Northeast China are spring sowing areas, and the growth period is 80~115 days. Southwest is winter sowing area, the growth period is 230~245 days. Oats need more water, and China's main production areas belong to dry farming areas, so it is extremely important to store water and preserve moisture through early autumn ploughing, harrowing, harvesting and suppression.

Oats growing environment

1, temperature: oats like cool but not cold, temperate north is most suitable for planting, seeds can germinate at 2~-4 ℃, seedlings can withstand-2~-4℃ low temperature environment, in wheat crops is the most cold-resistant one. In northern and northwestern China, winter is cold and sowing can only be done in spring. In southern China, autumn sowing can be done, but it must mature before summer heat comes.

2, water: oat grows in the cold desert area, but the seed germination needs about 65% of its own weight of water, transpiration coefficient is higher than barley and wheat, consumption of water is also more, such as insufficient water during the growth period, often so that the grain is not full and the yield is reduced. So oats often have roots about a meter long to absorb more water.

3, soil: oats in excellent cultivation conditions, all kinds of texture of soil can get a good harvest, but rich in humus wet soil is the best, the ability to adapt to acid soil is stronger than other wheat crops, but not suitable for saline-alkali soil cultivation.

Oat seeding method

1. Seed treatment: choose sunny and windless weather before sowing oats. The seeds are diluted to 2 - 3 cm thick and sunned for 3 - 5 days. Sunning seeds can promote early germination of seeds, improve germination rate, early emergence, and ultraviolet rays in the sun kill germs on seed epidermis, which can alleviate diseases. Seed dressing with 0.2% of seed or carbendazim to prevent oat head smut, rust, etc. Phoxim or carbofuran can also be used in areas with serious underground pests.

2, sowing time: early spring soil thaw about 10 cm can be sown. The suitable sowing time of oats is from March 25 to April 15, and the best sowing time is around Qingming, and the latest is not more than grain rain. According to the precipitation, sowing is especially critical, and catching seedlings is a main measure for high yield of dry oat.

3. Sowing method: Oat is best sown mechanically or by artificial ditching, not broadcast. The row spacing of drilling is 15~20 cm, and the depth is 3~5 cm. It is appropriate to prevent replanting and missing sowing. The depth of planting should be consistent. The sowing should be uniform. After sowing, the soil should be closely combined with the seeds to prevent air leakage and germination. The sowing amount per mu is 10~15 kg, and the seed harvest can be reduced.

Field management of oats

1, reasonable loose soil: oats before emergence in case of rain and snow, to timely light, break hardening.

2, timely weeding: weeding 2~3 times in the whole growth period, three-leaf period intertillage loose weeding, early removal, shallow removal, increase ground temperature, reduce water evaporation, promote early rooting, fast rooting, preservation seedlings. Weed twice before jointing and remove weeds in time at middle and late stages. Planting area is not large, can choose artificial weeding. When planting area is large, chemical herbicides can be used. In the three-leaf stage, 72% butyl ester emulsifiable concentrate 60ml/mu or 75% giant star dry suspension agent 1~ 2g/mu shall be sprayed evenly on sunny days, no wind and no dew.

3. Fertilization management: at tillering and jointing stage, 25 kg ammonium sulfate shall be applied per mu in combination with irrigation, and topdressing shall be applied to dry land according to rain. During the flowering and filling period of oats, 0.2~0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution can be mixed with 20% urea solution for topdressing, spraying 70kg of liquid medicine per mu, spraying again after 7 days to promote filling, timely topdressing foliar fertilizer, and increasing grain weight.

4. Timely irrigation: in places with irrigation conditions, in case of spring drought, irrigate once from the trifoliate stage to the tillering stage of oats, and irrigate once during the filling stage.

5. Disease and pest control: Common diseases and insect pests of oat include hard smut, rust, red leaf disease, insect, grubs, mole cricket, aphid, armyworm, locust, etc. Pest control adhere to the "prevention first, integrated control" plant protection policy, according to the basic principles of integrated pest control, the use of disease-resistant (resistant) varieties. Integrated control measures were adopted, focusing on cultivation and organic combination of physical and chemical control.