Planting conditions of cotton

Cotton is the seed fiber of the cotton genus of Malvaceae, which is native to the subtropics. The flowers of the plants are milky white or pink flowers. Cotton is the fiber inside the fruit that grows after flowering when it is ripe. Like heat, good light, drought tolerance, taboo stains, suitable for planting in loose and deep soil, let's take a look at the planting conditions of cotton!

Light condition

Cotton is a light-loving crop, which is suitable to grow under sufficient light conditions. the light compensation point and light saturation point of cotton leaf are both high. according to the determination, the light compensation point of single leaf of cotton is 750 ~ 1000 lux, and the light saturation point is 70 ~ 80 000 lux. in general, the suitable range of cotton leaf for light intensity is 8000 ~ 70000 lux, and the photosynthetic intensity increases with the increase of light intensity.

Water condition

The growth of cotton needs to absorb water from the soil, and the physiological water requirements are different at different growth stages. The soil water content of 20 cm from sowing to seedling emergence accounts for 70% of the field capacity, 60% of the field capacity at the seedling stage, and 65% of the field capacity at the bud stage. After the full bud stage, the water content of the 0-80 cm soil layer accounts for 70-80% of the field capacity, which should not be less than 60-65%, and the relative soil water content should be kept at 55-70% during the boll-opening period. According to the relevant research, in the whole growth period of cotton field, about 2 × 3 of water is consumed by transpiration and 1 of which is consumed by land evaporation.

Soil condition

The growth and development of cotton needs water and nutrients, which are mainly obtained from the soil through the root system. Part of the required temperature and air is taken from the soil, and it needs the mechanical support of the soil to grow. The physical, chemical and biological properties of soil in cotton field restrict the yield and quality of cotton to a great extent. soil moisture, nutrients, temperature, air, saline-alkali content and texture have great influence on the growth of cotton.

Heat condition

The early and late stages of cotton growth are the most sensitive to heat conditions. it takes 7-20 days from sowing to emergence, and the active accumulated temperature is 160-320 ℃. When the temperature is above 20 ℃ after sowing, cotton seedlings can emerge in 7-8 days. If the temperature is unstable after sowing, although the average temperature is 15-17 ℃, it will take about 20 days for seedlings to emerge. The lower the daily average temperature, the more accumulated temperature is needed from sowing to emergence. The heat condition from flowering to boll opening stage not only affects cotton yield, but also seriously affects cotton quality. in the same region and the same variety, when the interval between flowering and boll opening stage is obviously prolonged, the accumulated temperature is too much in this stage. the yield and quality of cotton decreased significantly.