High-yield cultivation techniques of rape Direct seeding whole Seedling

Compared with seedling transplanting, the direct seeding cultivation technology of rape saves the links of raising seedlings, pulling seedlings, planting seedlings and watering root water, reduces labor input, reduces labor intensity and production cost, and the yield of direct seeding rape can be equivalent to that of seedling transplanting under the condition of adopting matching cultivation measures in no slow seedling stage.

Cultivation techniques

1. Arrange the previous crops. The previous crop can not arrange the varieties with too long growth period and too late maturity.

2. Variety selection. Double-low rape varieties with early maturity and late sowing, strong seed germination potential, good lodging resistance, long main inflorescence, compact plant type and strong disease resistance should be selected.

3. Daejeon prepares. Immediately after the previous harvest, apply the bottom fertilizer and open the "three ditches", and sow seeds immediately in case of moisture or rain. Use ammonia nitrogen carefully in the base fertilizer to avoid burning buds and seedlings.

4. Seed treatment and sowing. The suitable sowing date in the Yangtze River basin is September 20-30, no later than the middle of October at the latest. When sowing, every kilogram of seeds are fully mixed with sifted dry soil dung and 15% paclobutrazol 1 and 5 grams (to prevent tall seedlings). The seeds can be sowed when there is no stagnant water and feet in the field, and the seeds are generally 0, 2 and 3 kg per mu. In case of dry weather after sowing, furrow irrigation can resist drought and promote seedling emergence, but border flooding is strictly prohibited.

5. Chemical weeding. According to the distribution of weed community in last year, there are three weeding levels before sowing, before sowing, before seedling and at seedling stage.

6. Fertilizer operation. The principles of applying sufficient base fertilizer, seedling extraction fertilizer and early bolting fertilizer were adopted. Pure nitrogen 15,18kg, phosphorus pentoxide 8 ~ 10kg, potassium oxide 8kg, borax 1kg and 5kg can be applied per mu. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and boron fertilizer are used as base fertilizer. 50% nitrogen fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, wax fertilizer or early spring relay fertilizer accounts for 20%, and bolting fertilizer accounts for 30%, so that it can be applied as soon as you see the bud (bolting height 3-5 cm).

7. Field management. Direct seeding rape can carry out inter-seedling planting in the case of 1 to 2 true leaves, leaving the small to the big and leaving the miscellaneous to remain pure; Wangchang field should be chemically regulated with 30g paclobutrazol per mu in the middle and last ten days of November; if the leaves turn yellow at the seedling stage and the birth of new leaves is slow, it is necessary to raise seedlings with urea 3kg per mu combined with soil moisture; do a good job of drought and waterlogging resistance and pest control.

8. Harvest at the right time. The suitable harvest is about 30 days after the final flowering of rape. It is suitable to harvest when the pods of 2gamma in the whole field are yellowish green, the pods in the middle of the main axis are loquat, and the whole plant is still green. The harvest time of the fields harvested by machinery should be delayed by 3-5 days. Rape is suitable for a short harvest period, so it is necessary to grasp the opportunity and seize the sunny day to harvest.

Suitable area

Under the condition of stubble, this technique can be used in all rape producing areas in China.

Matters needing attention

The main results are as follows: 1. Determine the suitable sowing rate according to soil fertility and water condition. If the soil condition is poor, the sowing rate should be increased.

2. To ensure the suitable planting density, it is generally appropriate to have 25, 000, 30, 000, 000 plants per mu.

3. It is sooner rather than later to check the seedlings in time and fill the gaps.

4. Ensure the smooth flow of the "three ditches" and do a good job in the prevention and control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum at flowering stage.