Reasonable planting density of Maize

The size of maize planting density is one of the factors that directly affect the maize yield. practice has proved that in a certain range, the maize yield increases with the increase of density, and when the density reaches a certain value, the increase of density leads to the decrease of yield. so the suitable density is the factor that determines the yield.

1. Adjust measures to local conditions. The selection of varieties suitable for local planting density, as improved varieties, also has its relativity under different conditions, only according to the local climatic conditions, geographical conditions, water and fertilizer conditions to select varieties suitable for close planting.

2. The characteristics of varieties. Different types of varieties have different density tolerance, compact hybrids have strong density tolerance, the yield is stable with the increase of density, the density suitable for planting is larger, the density tolerance of flat type is poor, and the range of density increase is small, if the density is increased, the yield will be reduced.

① flattening middle and late maturing maize hybrid. In this kind of variety, the plant is tall, the leaves are wide, there are many leaves, and the average angle between the leaves and the main stem above the ear position is more than 35 degrees, and the average angle between the leaves above the ear position and the main stem is more than 45 degrees. It is suitable to keep 3000-3500 seedlings per mu, suitable for spring sowing can make full use of light and heat resources to increase effective accumulation and increase yield.

② erect leaf type early maturing and density tolerant maize hybrid. The plant type of this variety is compact, the leaves are thrust up, the average angle between the leaves and the main stem above the ear position is less than 25 degrees, and the average angle between the leaves and the main stem below the ear position is less than 45 degrees. The seedling density is 4500000 plants per mu. It is suitable for sowing after wheat harvest.

③ intermediate type. The angle between the leaf and the main stem of these varieties is between the compact type and the spreading type, most of them belong to mid-early maturing and density-tolerant varieties, and the seedling density per mu is between 3500 and 4500 plants, which is suitable for wheat ridge interplanting or rape stubble sowing.

3. Choose reasonable density according to variety characteristics, yield level, soil fertility and fertilization level.

In the middle-yield field with a yield of 400kg to 500kg per mu, the suitable density of flat-type maize hybrids is about 3000 plants / mu and that of compact hybrids is about 4000 plants / mu.

The suitable density range of the yield level of ② with 500kg / mu yield is about 3500 plants per mu for spreading leaf maize hybrids, about 4500 plants per mu for compact mid-late maturity and large panicle hybrids, and about 4500 plants per mu for compact mid-late maturity and large panicle hybrids.

The suitable density range of ③ yield more than 650kg per mu is: compact middle panicle type, 5000 plants per mu, compact large panicle type 45005000 plants per mu.

4. The technology of increasing density and increasing production. According to the characteristics and production conditions of maize varieties, the planting density of existing density-tolerant varieties was increased by 500 plants / mu according to local conditions, on the premise of selecting density-tolerant varieties and good plots with good water and fertilizer conditions.

5. The number of ears per mu of corn is one of the three elements of corn yield, and the density directly determines the yield of corn. As nature restricts the final ear formation of corn (such as diseases and insects, nutritious light, etc.), the ear rate of planting density is generally 90%-95%. In order to ensure that the number of ears per mu reaches the set target ear number, the number of ears should be increased by 5%-10% according to the appropriate ear number in the field. Only in this way can the expected ear number be achieved.