Symptoms and control measures of total erosion disease of wheat

Wheat take-all disease is a quarantine disease infected by fungi on wheat. It has serious damage and rapid transmission speed. Generally, the pathogen can survive in soil for more than 7 years. Influenced by environmental factors and varieties, the incidence degree and scope of disease also increase in different degrees. It can reduce wheat yield by 20%~35%, and reduce wheat yield by nearly half or even eliminate harvest in seriously ill fields. It is a destructive disease of wheat. It is called "cancer" of wheat.

1. Characteristics of disease

It usually takes about 2~3 years for wheat fields to die from sporadic occurrence. The period from grain filling stage to milk ripening stage is the obvious period of total eclipse symptoms.

2. Symptoms

Plant short, dry, white spike black feet, etc., so also known as "three black"-black roots, black feet, black plaster.

3, the incidence of law

Take-all disease is a soil-dwelling fungus. Seed carrier and mechanical operation are the main ways of long-distance transmission. The optimum temperature for onset was 15℃~24℃.

4. Prevention and control methods

(1)crop rotation. The fungus survives longer in soil, and crop rotation is difficult for wheat farmers to achieve, and the effect is not good.

(2)Seed treatment. Therefore, bacteria are also transmitted through seeds, so seed dressing has a high killing effect on the surface of seeds and in the surrounding soil after seeds are sown. Through many years of experiments, silanthiophanone has a good killing effect on wheat take-all pathogen, so the wheat seed dressing with silanthiophanone as raw material is the first choice for wheat farmers. 15~20Kg of seeds per 100g of wheat were cleaned and dried before sowing.

(3)Foliar spray. In addition to seed dressing treatment, spraying wheat total erosion net (leaf spray type) 2~3 times during the period of returning green to grain filling, the control effect could reach 85%~90%. Every 20~25g wheat total erosion net (leaf spray type) add 15Kg water, evenly spray. The specific spraying time is as follows:

① Spraying total erosion net in wheat greening stage;

(2) spraying total erosion net at jointing stage;

3. Spraying total erosion net at wheat filling stage.

4. Prevention and control points of total erosion disease

(1)The control rate of single seed dressing was 60%~70%.

(2)The control rate of seed dressing + spraying was over 85%~90%.