Dairy cows should be fed silage in winter.

Quality identification of high-quality silage color is turquoise or yellowish green. If it is found that the color of the silage has turned black or brown, it means that the silage has deteriorated and moldy, and all the deteriorated silage must be removed before feeding the cows. High-quality silage smells sweet and sour, with a strong wine flavor or sour pear flavor. If the smell is sour and smelly, it means that mildew has occurred in the silage, and the cause must be found out and corresponding remedial measures must be taken before the cows can be fed. The high-quality silage is soft and moist in the hand. if it is sticky or dry and hard in the hand, it means that the silage has become moldy and must be treated before feeding the cow.

Milking cows with a body weight of 500 kg and daily milk yield of more than 25 kg can be fed with silage and hay about 25 kg per day. Milking cows with a daily milk yield of more than 30 kg can be fed with 30 kg of silage and 8 kg of hay. Milking cows weighing 350 to 400 kilograms and producing 20 kilograms of milk per day can be fed 20 kilograms of silage and 5 kilograms of hay. Milking cows weighing 350 kg and producing 15-20 kg of milk per day can be fed with 15-20 kg silage and 8-10 kg hay. Milking cows with a daily milk yield of less than 15 kg can be fed with 15 kg of silage and 10 kg of hay. Dairy cows should stop feeding silage within 15 days before parturition and within 15 days after delivery. Cows during the dry period are fed with silage of 10kg and 15kg per day, and other hay is supplied with the right amount. It is best to control the adult cattle within 5 to 10 kilograms.

The feeding method should be fed less at the beginning, and then gradually increased to a sufficient amount, so that the cows have an adaptive process and must not be fed in full quantity at one time, resulting in too much silage and too much acidity in the rumen of dairy cows. on the contrary, it affects the normal intake and milk production performance of dairy cows. Baking soda should be added to dairy cows in time. When feeding silage, the pH in the rumen of dairy cows decreases, which is easy to cause acidosis. 13 ‰ baking soda can be added to concentrate to promote gastric peristalsis, neutralize acid substances in rumen, increase acidity and alkalinity, increase feed intake, increase digestibility and increase milk yield. The silage should be evenly mixed with hay each time, and then feed the cows to avoid being picky. There are many dairy farmers in rural areas, the method of feeding twice a day is extremely unscientific. First, it increases the burden on the rumen of dairy cows and affects the number and time of normal "back chewing" of dairy cows. The conversion rate of feed is reduced, and it is easy to cause diseases in the forestomach of dairy cows in the long run. Second, it affects the digestibility of dairy cows, resulting in the decrease of milk yield and milk fat rate. Frozen silage can not be fed to dairy cows, it must be thawed before it can be fed, otherwise it is easy to cause abortion of pregnant cows.

It is suggested that the method should be taken once a day in the morning and once in the afternoon, and the thickness of each silage should be not less than 10 cm, so as to ensure the fresh quality of silage, good palatability, nutrition loss to the lowest point, and achieve the best effect of silage feeding. The silage taken out should not be exposed to the sun, nor should it be stacked or scattered. It is best to put it in a bag and put it in a cool place in the barn. Each time after taking the silage, step on it again, then cover it with plastic sheeting.

Note if diarrhea is found in the cow during feeding, it should be reduced or stopped immediately, check whether mildew substances are mixed in the silage or diarrhea caused by other diseases, and continue feeding after the cow returns to normal. The feed trough, especially the dead corner, should be cleaned in time every day, the deteriorated silage should be cleaned, and fresh silage should be added. After feeding silage, the amount of concentrate feed should be reduced according to the fat condition and other production performance of dairy cows, but it should not be reduced too much or too quickly. The silage cellar should strictly guard against rodent damage and avoid passing some diseases to livestock.