Organic soilless cultivation techniques of zucchini

I. facilities

The main results are as follows: 1. The cultivation trough leaves 80cm aisle on the north side of the greenhouse and 30cm on the south side, and is built into a north-south cultivation trough with bricks, with an inner diameter of 48cm, a height of 24cm and a spacing of 72cm. it is also possible to dig a semi-underground cultivation trough with a width of 48cm and a deep 12cm, with two layers of brick barriers on both sides. The slot is covered with a layer of 0.1 mm thick plastic film, both sides of which are pressed with the top bricks. The film is covered with 3cm thick clean river sand, a layer of woven bag is covered with sand, and the bag is filled with cultivation substrate.

2. Tap water is used for water supply equipment or metal pipes are used for water supply outside the storage tank with a water level difference of more than 1.5 meters, and plastic pipes are used for the main pipes in the greenhouse and the drip irrigation belt in the cultivation trough. Two drip irrigation belts are laid in the trough, and a narrow plastic film 0.1 mm thick is covered on the drip irrigation belt to prevent drip irrigation water from spraying.

3. The raw materials of the organic substrate can be corn straw, mushroom residue, sawdust, etc. Before use, the substrate is sprayed with wet film for 10 to 15 days to sterilize and disinfect. Add a certain amount of sand, slag and other inorganic matter, and then add 2 kg of organic soilless cultivation fertilizer and 10 kg of disinfected chicken manure to 1 cubic meter of substrate. After mixing, the trough can be filled, and the substrate can be disinfected after each crop is harvested or disinfected. The substrate is generally updated every 3 ~ 5 years.

II. Colonization

Before planting, the substrate was turned evenly and leveled, and the substrate in each cultivation trough was flooded with water, so that the substrate could fully absorb water. After water infiltration, 2 rows were planted in each trough, and the substrate was slightly higher than that at the base of the seedling stem. 2000 plants were planted every 15 ha (1 mu) from 45cm, and then watered lightly after planting.

III. Management

1. Fertilizer and water management generally watering 1 water 5-7 days after planting, keeping the rhizosphere substrate moist, making zucchini grow moderately, watering zucchini once in the morning and once in the afternoon after fruit setting; watering less or not in cloudy days according to specific conditions; topdressing usually begins 20 days after planting, and then topdressing every 10 days, 15 grams per plant and 25 grams per plant after fruit setting. Spread the fertilizer evenly on the off-root 5cm, and the carbon dioxide gas fertilizer can be applied in the greenhouse as needed.

2. After temperature and light management, the temperature was kept at 20: 25 ℃ in daytime and 12 ℃ at night. After sitting, keep 25: 28 ℃ during the day and 12: 15 ℃ at night. Zucchini likes temperature and light, so it should be pulled early and released late to let the plant see more light.

3. After the root melon is harvested, the vine is suspended with plastic rope, and the lateral buds, tendrils and diseased old leaves are removed in time, so as to facilitate ventilation and reduce nutrient consumption.

4. In the morning of artificial pollination and hormone treatment, the male flowers were picked and the anthers were gently applied to the stigma of the female anther. One male flower gave 2 to 3 female flowers. At about 10:00, smear the melon stalk and stigma with 20: 30 microliters / liter of anti-falling hormone.

5. The root melon can sit about 50 days after harvest and planting, and the weight is about 250 grams. In the future, the zucchini will be about 500 grams in size and can be picked and listed. Wang Baihui