Feeding methods of pregnant sows at different stages

According to the law of embryo growth and development, breast development and nutrient reserve of sows, pregnancy can be divided into three stages: early pregnancy, second trimester and late pregnancy.

First, early pregnancy (from mating to the 28th day after mating)

At this stage, the goal of sow feeding is to improve the success rate of embryo implantation and reduce embryo death. On the 9th-13th day after fertilization, the fertilized egg moves from the ampulla to the uterine horn, and then the embryo begins to implant. at this time, the fertilized egg attaches to the uterine wall, has not yet formed the placenta, and is easily affected by various factors, resulting in a decrease in litter size, which is the first peak of embryonic death. At this stage, we should not feed too much feed to avoid excessive energy intake of pigs, resulting in less progesterone secretion, thus reducing the number of embryo survival. Therefore, after breeding, sows immediately switch to pregnant sow feed and control feed intake. And do not move and frighten sows to prevent miscarriage. It is recommended that feeding should be strictly restricted within 7 days after mating, about 1.5kg per sow per day (more lean sows will increase litter size), and appropriate feed restriction on the 7th-28th day after mating.

Second, the second trimester of pregnancy (29-84 days of pregnancy)

The goal of this stage is to ensure the needs of fetal development and the metabolism of sows, as well as the adjustment period of sows, 2.2-2.7kg per day. For thin sows, the feed intake can be increased appropriately, but be careful not to overfeed, resulting in a decrease in feed intake during lactation. Do not prematurely "supply fetus", the 75th day of pregnancy is the critical period of breast development, excessive energy intake increases fat deposition in the breast, reduces the number of breast secretory cells, resulting in a reduction in lactation. First-born sows are recommended to feed 1.8 to 2.5 kilograms of feed every day to prevent the fetus from causing dystocia.

Third, third trimester of pregnancy (84-112 days of pregnancy)

At this stage, the fetal growth and development rate is very rapid, 60-70% of the birth weight of piglets comes from the rapid growth of one month before birth, and it is also the period of full development of the mammary gland. In order to meet the needs of rapid fetal growth and breast development of sows, the feeding amount is 2.8-3.5 kg per day. Material reduction should not be emphasized one week before delivery, and feed volume can be reduced appropriately until 2 days before delivery. This can not only provide sows with sufficient energy and nutrition, maintain abundant physical strength during delivery, but also prevent too much feed from oppressing the birth canal and causing dystocia.