Mechanism and Development Prospect of Humic Acid

Humic acid is a kind of macromolecular compounds with complex components, which can be divided into three components according to their solubility to different solvents, namely fulvic acid, brown humic acid and black humic acid. Humic acid is widely found in lignite, weathered coal and peat, with a content of 30% to 70%. In the 1970s, China set off an upsurge in the research and application of humic acid, mainly to solve the shortage of fertilizer in agricultural production at that time. Humic acid plays a special role in plant growth because of its biological activity and special structural properties. The organic acid substance provided by humic acid in natural coal is called MFA, and the humic acid substance produced by our first biochemical method is called BFA (Biotechnolosy Fulvic scicl). This green technology in line with environmental protection provides a larger platform for the application and development of humic acid products. At present, humic acid has been used in agriculture and forestry, medical and health, petroleum, building materials, environmental protection, pesticides, fertilizers and other industries. Especially with the strengthening of people's awareness of environmental protection and the prevalence of green health food, humic acid will play an important and unique role in solving this problem and providing these edible substances. as a result, humic acid will have a broader market space. it will also promote the faster development of this product and industry.

? Biological activity mechanism of humic acid

Humic acid, which is mainly composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, is a condensation polymer of polyvalent phenolic aromatic compounds and nitrogen compounds. The molecular weight distribution is wide, with a small molecular weight of tens of thousands and a large molecular weight of tens of thousands to millions. The structure and composition is also very complex, including phenolic hydroxyl group, alcohol hydroxyl group, quinone hydroxyl group, enol group, sulfonic acid group, amino group, free quinone group, semi-quinone group, quinoxy group, methoxy group and so on. The components are entangled by chemical and physical interactions such as bonding, hydrogen bonding, adsorption and so on. The existence of these active groups determines the acidity, hydrophilicity, ion exchange, complexation and high adsorption, buffer and catalytic capacity of humic acid. The addition of humic acid to the feed can effectively absorb all kinds of toxic and harmful substances produced by the storage of the feed, and can also absorb the toxic substances produced by digestion and metabolism in the process of digestion and metabolism. Such as: amines, hydrogen sulfide and other substances to maintain the normal intestinal microflora.

Humic acid added to feed can also be used as a drug and has a significant therapeutic effect on intestinal ulcer and gastritis. As humic acid contains small molecules of fulvic acid, it can adhere to the surface of ulcers and quickly stop bleeding, which is conducive to rapid tissue healing. Humic acid can enhance the immunity of animals, and can promote antigen uptake, cellular immunity and humoral immunity in the immune process.

Humic acid containing quinone can participate in the redox reaction of the body, maintain exuberant metabolism and promote cell proliferation. Humic acid can also act on the autonomic nervous system, can inhibit the excitement of the sympathetic nerve, make animals quiet and reduce consumption. Because humic acid is a kind of organic acid, it can regulate the pH value of digestive tract, promote the secretion of digestive enzymes in young animals, activate the activity of various enzymes in the body, change the permeability of cell membrane, improve the absorption of feed nutrients and improve the utilization rate of feed. promote growth and development. For biochemical fulvic acid, it contains not only humic acid, but also a certain amount of nucleic acid, amino acid, VB, VC, inositol and polysaccharides. It is not only a strong biological activity, but also an important nutrient for animals. In short, according to clinical proof, humic acid has the advantages of hemostasis, anti-inflammation, pain relief, convergence, adsorption, anti-allergy, promoting secretion, regulating gastrointestinal function, improving immunity and enhancing disease resistance of animals.

At present, in order to cater to the consumer psychology of farmers, improve animal growth and pursue feed effect, some feed manufacturers have added a large number of antibiotic drugs to the feed, which directly affect people's health due to the residue of antibiotic drugs. As a green environmental protection product, humic acid can be added to feed instead of antibiotics. In recent years, scientific research shows that humic acid, as a new type of feed additive, has peculiar efficacy, plays a very important role in breeding, and will promote the development of feed industry.

Development Prospect of Humic Acid

Humic acid used in aquaculture is seldom reported in China at present. As a natural active substance, humic acid can be used as disease prevention agent instead of antibiotics in a certain range. The development of humic acid has a broad market prospect. The problems existing in humic acid industry, such as small production scale, relatively backward technology, unstable quality, weak technical strength of enterprises, insufficient development and application research, thus restrict the development of this industry. The mechanism of humic acid is not well understood and needs to be further studied in order to improve the wider application space and value of humic acid. Chen Qining