Several factors affecting the estrus of cattle

Several factors affecting oestrus of cattle

1. Breed: Different breeds of cattle or different breeds of cattle of the same breed have different early and late puberty and estrus performance. For example, the age of puberty of dairy cattle is 8 months, while that of Gengsai cattle and Holstein cattle is 11 months; the age of puberty of beef cattle breeds is often later than that of dairy cattle breeds; the puberty of female buffalo is later, generally about 13-18 months; the puberty of female yak is 24 months on average.

2. Natural factors: The duration of estrus of cows is also affected by climatic factors. In high temperature season, estrus duration of cows is shorter than other seasons. In hot summer, progesterone is secreted from the adrenal cortex of cows in addition to the normal secretion of progesterone by the corpus luteum of the ovary, resulting in shortened estrus duration.

Nutrition level: It is a very important factor affecting the initial estrus and oestrus performance of livestock. The influence of natural environment on oestrus of cows is also caused by changes in nutrition level to a certain extent. In general, good feeding can increase the growth rate of cattle, advance the sexual maturity of cattle, and also enhance the oestrus performance of cattle. The weight change of cattle is directly related to the puberty, so the healthy growth of cattle is beneficial to the sexual maturity of cattle under good feeding and management conditions. Cattle naturally ingested feed may contain substances that affect puberty and reestrus in multiparous cattle.

4. Production level and management mode: The oestrus performance of cows is related to production performance. The sexual performance of beef cattle is often not as obvious as that of dairy cattle, and the oestrus performance of dairy cows with high milk production is sometimes not as obvious as that of other cattle. The reason may be due to the exuberance of milk production metabolism function of high-yield dairy cows, which inhibited the reproductive endocrine related to oestrus to a certain extent. The oestrus characteristics of obese cattle are often not obvious, which may be related to hormone secretion. Therefore, in production, the time interval for postpartum recovery of estrus should be avoided, which is related to cattle feeding management measures. For example, high-yielding cows can take about 9 days longer to come into estrus than low-yielding cows, and the more milking or lactation occurs per day, the longer the interval. Song Yingjun