Seedling raising technique in winter

It will soon enter November, which means that the first snow will be ushered in in the north, and it will take more than 100 days to return to spring from winter. Therefore, under the long-term low temperature, how to ensure winter seedling protection is the key to a bumper harvest in the coming year.

A peasant proverb says, "it is better to water a thousand and ten thousand than to use wax fertilizer." The suitable application time of wax fertilizer is the first 10-15 days of the Winter Solstice. Generally, the application of pig and cow manure 1200-1500 kg per mu or soil and miscellaneous fertilizer 2500-3000 kg per mu can increase the soil temperature by 2 ℃ ~ 3 ℃, which has the effect of applying in winter and spring.

? Pour frozen water

Pouring frozen water must be "one fixed" and "two suitable". "Yi Ding" means to decide whether or not to pour frozen water according to the water content of the soil. Generally, the absolute water content of sandy loam soil is less than 15%, loam soil is less than 17%, and clay is less than 20%. Frozen water should be poured. "two suitability" means timely watering and proper watering. The appropriate time to pour frozen water is when the plough layer of the soil can defrost during the day and freeze at night. Proper watering means that the amount of frozen water should not be too large or too small. Generally, it is appropriate to connect the soil moisture on the bottom.

? Mulch against cold

The absolute low temperature in the severe cold period in the northern region is very disadvantageous to the vegetable seedlings to survive the winter safely, so the mulch should be used to prevent the cold to ensure the seedlings to survive the winter safely. Mulching can generally be carried out after all the soil in the plough layer is frozen. The mulch is a farm fertilizer rich in organic matter and crushed and mashed.

Catch up with overwintering fertilizer

Topdressing overwintering fertilizer can increase the content of soil nutrients, which can be used in winter and spring, and promote the weak to become strong. It is especially important for vegetable fields with low base fertilizer, poor soil fertility and weak seedling condition. Therefore, it should be combined with frozen water topdressing overwintering fertilizer, generally applying urea 10 kg or ammonium sulfate 20 kg per mu, topdressing with water.

? Cultivate the soil, clear the ditch and drain water.

Ploughing loose soil and cultivating soil choking roots can improve soil environment, regulate soil moisture, increase soil temperature, prevent lodging and reduce the harm of grass damage and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The depth of mid-ploughing should vary with different growth, generally shallow first and then deep, shallow hoe for the land where the growth is prosperous, and combine with ploughing to cultivate the soil before overwintering.

After the cold current, check the seedlings in time, for the phenomenon of root uprooting, it is necessary to break the soil and cultivate 8cm in time to prevent cutting roots and dying seedlings; rain and snow weather should eliminate stagnant water in the field as early as possible to avoid waterlogging hindering root growth; plant ash should be sprinkled during thawing and clear water should be sprayed on the leaves in time to alleviate water imbalance and prevent water loss and death of seedlings; quick-acting fertilizer should be applied in time after thawing.

According to the actual situation of local production, corresponding technical measures should be taken in time to prevent or reduce the occurrence of freezing injury so as to ensure the safe overwintering of vegetable seedlings.