Health Care of limbs and hooves of Dairy cows

Nutrition management

Nutrition management of dairy cows plays an important role in reducing limb and hoof disease of dairy cows, such as rumen acidosis is one of the main causes of hoof leaf inflammation. It should be noted that the content of non-structural carbohydrates is recommended not to exceed 45%, and the dietary fiber content should be sufficient. According to experience, the composition of general forage should account for more than 1 / 3 of dry matter intake of dairy cattle. If TMR diet is used, attention should be paid to mixing evenly, TMR sieving to check the proportion of each layer and diet stability. In addition, trace elements and vitamins are also very important for hoof health. Zinc is necessary for keratin growth. The recommended dosage is 40 mg / kg. It binds to vitamin An in the liver, which plays an important role in maintaining epithelial tissue and cell replication. Copper deficiency or excessive intake of molybdenum will lead to an increase in the number of crippled cattle, and it can be seen that the joints of dairy cows become larger. The recommended dosage of copper is more than 10 mg / kg.

Under the condition of high temperature and humidity in summer, the feed is easy to ferment and heat, so the feed should not be prepared several hours in advance to prevent limb and hoof disease caused by rotten feed, and the trough should be cleaned in time before each feeding to ensure the cleanliness of the trough. Disinfection should also be done when necessary.

Seed selection and breeding

When selecting high-performance breeding bulls, functional indexes such as limb-hoof characteristics should also be considered to help cattle improve their limbs and hooves from germplasm and reduce the occurrence of limb-hoof diseases. Environment management

Hygiene. With the coming of summer and the increase of humidity, it is especially necessary to clean up the feces in time, and the environmental quality of dairy cows' limbs and hooves can be evaluated by the score ratio of limb and hoof hygiene assessment. When the feces exceed the hoof crown belt, the health of the hoof of dairy cattle will be affected, and when the score is more than 3 points and more than 10%, environmental improvement measures must be taken to improve the sanitary condition of the limbs and hooves.

Anti-skid. When it is wet, the cement floor is easy to slip. When there are frequent slippage of cows or injuries on the outside of the hoof, the ground grinding and anti-skid work should be done in time to reduce the risk of fall and physical damage to the sole of the hoof.

Dry. While cleaning the road and barn, it should be ventilated as far as possible and disinfected regularly to ensure the dryness of cattle activity places such as cowbed, barn, passageway, waiting hall and so on, so as to reduce the breeding of bacteria.

Nursing

Hoof bath. Effective hoof bath can prevent hoof fork inflammation and reduce the occurrence of infectious hoof disease, but hoof bath management is very important, and certain conditions must be met in order to maximize the effect of hoof bath.

Preventive care. In order to ensure the normal foot shape and standing posture of dairy cows, preventive repair of hooves is generally needed, and there are two ideas at the time point of repair. One is to correct the hoof shape before the sharp increase in body weight to ensure the normal production in the later stage, that is, the newly dried cow begins hoof repair 120 days after delivery, and the other is to carry out seasonal hoof repair in the annual spring and autumn period, at which the horny growth of the hoof is fast. Can recover quickly after renovation. However, no matter which mode is used, do not over-trim the hoof to prevent the sole from being too thin and damaged.