Disinfection management is the key to beef cattle breeding.

At present, the raising cost of beef cattle farm is rising and the breeding profit is decreasing, these problems are constantly perplexing the breeders. Therefore, reducing the breeding cost is the key to the management of beef cattle farms, and the key approach is to improve the awareness of disinfection management and strengthen disinfection management.

? I. the significance of disinfection management

Under the current situation of breeding in China, the key to the prevention and control of any disease in beef cattle farms is to improve biosafety and strengthen disinfection management. The breeding situation in China is that the vast majority of breeding volume is small and medium-sized beef cattle farms, as well as rural surplus labor force for breeding. In the process of breeding, disinfection management is often ignored, and the following problems often occur:

1. Farms often ignore the importance of isolation from the outside world.

Due to site selection, poor management and other reasons, the farm and the external environment has become a smooth communication place for carriers of all kinds of goods (especially pollutants), resulting in the widespread spread of the disease.

2. The importance of isolating animals from feces and urine is often ignored.

The way of flat culture on the ground makes animals come into contact with their feces and urine all the time, a small number of animals are infected, and the ground contains nutritious feces and urine is a good medium for bacteria to multiply rapidly, resulting in continuous aggravation of the occurrence of diseases.

Therefore, regular cleaning of feces and urine to make beef cattle live in an environment isolated from feces and urine is a guarantee for effective disease control.

3. The consciousness of disinfection is not strong and the importance of disinfection is ignored.

Disinfection is a key technical means to keep diseases in farms or animals. Its effect can not be solved by vaccine and antibiotic prevention.

Because pathogens exist in the environment inside and outside the animal house, diseases can be induced when they reach a certain concentration; too high feeding density will also accelerate the accumulation of pathogens and increase the chance of disease infection; diseases are mostly mixed infections (co-infection). An antibiotic can not treat a variety of diseases; many diseases do not have good drugs and vaccines After vaccination, the risk period of high incidence of disease is before antibody production. When the initial antibody potency is lower than the degree of external pollution, reducing the number of external pathogens can reduce the chance of infection. Therefore, disinfection is of great significance.

Disinfection can be broad-spectrum sterilization, disinfection, killing in vitro and the environment of the existence of pathogenic microorganisms. Only through disinfection can the cost of drug use be reduced, and disinfection has no problem of residue in the body. So disinfection is the most cost-effective health care.

4. Farms often have a wrong understanding of disinfection: they think that vaccination is safe and do not disinfect according to regulations; pathogenic microorganisms can not be seen or touched, and they have no confidence in disinfection. Skeptical about the efficacy of disinfection; drugs can be used for health care, but disinfection of the ground environment is of no value; pay attention to the disinfection before entering the house, but ignore the disinfection after entering the house; disinfection is not thorough, non-standard and not lasting; ignore animal, air, drinking water and ground disinfection; disinfection pools do not exist at all or exist in name only; disinfectants are not selected and used improperly, resulting in poor disinfection effect The expectation of the vaccine is too high, thinking that everything will be fine as long as the vaccine is vaccinated, the objective situation is that the protective power of the vaccine is relatively limited, the vaccine can not replace environmental disinfection, only good management, beef cattle have a healthy physique, the vaccine can play the best effect.

? 2. Common methods of disinfection:

1. Physical disinfection

Sunlight, ultraviolet rays, drying.

Sunlight is a natural disinfectant, the ultraviolet ray in its spectrum has strong germicidal ability, and the drying caused by sunlight also has germicidal effect. Sunlight exposure for a few minutes to a few hours, can kill the general virus and pathogens, should make full use of this natural advantage.

Artificial ultraviolet disinfection is commonly used in poultry farms. Generally required for more than 30 minutes, only the smooth surface of objects have a better disinfection effect.

Burning and baking with flame at high temperature is a simple and effective method of disinfection. Metal instruments can be sterilized by flame. Various metal articles, glassware, clothing, etc., can also be boiled and sterilized, in which a little alkali, such as 1%-2% soda, can be added to promote the dissolution of protein and fat and prevent metal rust. Increasing the temperature can increase the disinfection effect.

Faeces, bedding grass, polluted rubbish, objects of little value, carcasses of sick and dead chickens can all be burned with flames.

2. Chemical disinfection.

Common disinfectants: Lysol (cresol soap solution), formalin (formaldehyde solution), quicklime (calcium oxide), caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) all have powerful germicidal effects, which are used to disinfect beef barns, utensils and means of transportation. Bleaching powder (chlorinated lime) decomposes in water to produce hypochloric acid, new oxygen and chlorine, which has a strong germicidal effect. Bromogeramine (benzylamine bromide) aqueous solution is alkali foam. It has good efficacy in killing suppurative bacteria, intestinal bacteria and some viruses, but not good in killing fungi. 0.05% of the 0.1% aqueous solution is used for hand washing, 0.1% of the aqueous solution is used for spray disinfection of eggshells, incubators and appliances, and 0.15% 0.2% of the solution is used for spray disinfection in chicken sheds. Peracetic acid is a strong oxidant, which has a strong killing effect on bacteria, spores and fungi. 0.5% solution is commonly used to spray chicken house floor, trough, etc. Indoor air disinfection per cubic meter with 20% solution 10-15 ml, diluted to 3% Mel 5%, heating fumigation, indoor humidity 60% Mel 80%, closed doors and windows for 1-2 hours. Potassium permanganate encounters water to form new oxygen, oxidizes bacteria and destroys cell metabolism. Used to disinfect skin, mucous membrane and trauma. The solution of this product needs to be ready-made.

At present, the commonly used disinfection drugs in beef cattle breeding are iodine preparations, quaternary ammonium salts and so on.

? III. Disinfection measures during the epidemic period

Although beef cattle farms are strictly managed, they are in a complicated environment, so they will inevitably be hit by external diseases, so it is necessary to strengthen the disinfection work in all aspects during this period:

1. There is a disinfection pool at the entrance of the sterilized beef cattle farm or at the entrance of the production area. 2% caustic soda water is often maintained in the pool, and the vehicles in and out must pass through the disinfection pool, and the car body is sprayed with 2% Musu 3% water solution for disinfection.

Personnel entering the site area shall go through the disinfection pool and disinfect shoes; personnel entering the production area shall first change clothes and bathe in the disinfection room, wear sterilized overalls, hats and boots, and enter the production area after passing through the disinfection pool. Staff must wash their hands before coming into contact with herds, feed, etc.