Several factors affecting Pig fattening

? 1. Varieties and types

There are many breeds and types of pigs, which have a great impact on fattening. Due to the differences in the formation and breeding conditions of pig breeds and types, different economic traits among pig breeds, and different demand for pig products, there are also differences in fattening performance and carcass quality between breeds and types. Under the condition of concentrate-based fattening, the weight gain of Chinese local pig breeds is faster and the feed utilization rate is higher than that of foreign pigs.

The carcass quality varies with different breeds and types. The precocious Yorkshire pigs have become full fat and have developed hind legs at the live weight of 45.5 kg, while the late Yorkshire pigs are still increasing body length, underdeveloped hindquarters and high bone proportion at the same weight. Therefore, only by understanding the fattening performance of varieties and types and taking corresponding fattening measures can the fattening effect be improved.

? 2. Economic hybrid

Crossing between pig breeds or strains and making use of heterosis is one of the effective measures to improve fattening. The progenies obtained by hybridization have strong vitality, rapid weight gain, shorter fattening period, higher feed utilization rate and lower cost.

3. Sex

The practice of pig production in China has proved that after castration, boars and sows are fattened, their temperament is quiet, their appetite is enhanced, the speed of weight gain is increased, the fat deposition is enhanced, and the meat quality is improved. After castration, the sexual function disappears, and more of the nutrients absorbed can be used to gain weight.

? 4. Birth weight and weaning weight of piglets

In general, the birth weight and weaning weight of pigs are closely related to the fattening effect. Only by paying attention to the selection, feeding and management of breeding pigs, strengthening the breeding of pigs and improving the birth weight and weaning weight of pigs, can we lay a good foundation for fattening.

? 5. Nutrition and feed

Nutrition level has a great influence on fattening. Generally speaking, the more energy intake, the faster daily gain, the higher feed utilization rate, the higher slaughter percentage, the more carcass fat content, the fatter the fat. Feed is the direct source of nutrients for pigs. because the nutrients contained in various feeds are different, there should be a variety of feed combinations to form a nutritionally comprehensive diet.

? 6. Temperature and humidity, captive density

The suitable temperature for fattening pigs is 1523 ℃. Overcooling and overheating will affect the fattening effect, reduce the rate of weight gain and affect the feed utilization rate. Under the condition of high temperature, the appetite of pigs decreased, and the feed intake decreased, while under the condition of low temperature, the feed intake increased and the heat lost greatly. When the captive density was too high, the temperature of the small environment in the circle increased, the air flow decreased, the feed intake of pigs decreased, and the feed utilization rate and daily gain decreased. Generally, 10 to 20 heads per column are raised, and each head occupies an area of 0.8~1.0m2.

? 7. Light

The duration of light had no significant effect on weight gain and feed utilization rate of fattening pigs, but if the light was too strong, it was easy to cause excitement and restlessness of pigs, affecting rest and weight gain.

Liu Yu, Bai Yila