It is the right time to grow potatoes in winter.

In recent years, the cultivation area of potato has expanded year by year. In order to obtain high and stable yield of potato, we should pay attention to the following key points of cultivation:

First, sowing time. Generally, it is suitable to sow seeds during the period from mid-October to late November, and it is easy to rot when the temperature is high too early, and it is easy to get sick in Rain Water season in the late growth period.

? Second, choose the variety. Potato varieties with high yield, drought tolerance, high temperature tolerance, late blight resistance and good commercial quality are selected, which are suitable for planting and consumption habits. Such as Fei Uirita, Yueyin 85Mui 38, Jinong 958 and so on. After the previous harvest, ploughing deep ploughing fine Harrow is carried out to ensure that the loose soil layer is more than 25cm. Ridging for border, border width is 90 cm, double row planting, ditch width 25 cm, border height 25 cm.

Third, apply sufficient base fertilizer. Base fertilizer should account for more than 2% of the total fertilizer application in the whole growth period, mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, and the combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Generally, 1000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer or burning soil is used per mu, 300 kg of mature human and animal manure is added, and 40 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 25 kg of calcium superphosphate, and 10 kg of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate are used as base fertilizer.

? Fourth, seed potato treatment.

1. Seed potato disinfection: spread out the selected seed potatoes and spray them with 200 times 40% formalin or 400 times 75% chlorothalonil solution, cover with film for 2 hours, then ventilate and dry (do not expose to the sun) and store them in a cool, dry place.

2. Seed potato cutting: the seed potato is sliced the day before sowing. Before cutting, each person prepares two cutters and rotates them with 75% alcohol or 0.5% potassium permanganate solution. When slicing, you should cut all the potato meat into the bud, not just the potato near the bud eye, but leave the rest of the potato meat, let alone dig the bud into small pieces or cones. The weight of each bud is best cut into 50 grams, the minimum is not less than 30 grams, maintain 1 Mel 2 bud eyes. Uncut potatoes of about 50 grams, longitudinally cut into two pieces of 100 grams of 60ml; first cut off the tail of 110rel 150 grams, then cut into 3 pieces along the top bud; and cut longitudinally and then crosscutting of more than 160 grams.

? Fifth, sowing specifications. In general, the double-row planting bed of 85Me 90 cm, the inner row spacing of the border is 25ml 30cm, and the plant spacing is about 25cm. The early-maturing varieties are properly densely sown, and the mid-late-maturing varieties are sparsely sown properly. Sowing in trenches with a depth of 5ml / 6cm, avoid contact between seed potato and fertilizer during sowing, and sow seed potato with the same position or similar bud length on the same border to facilitate seedling management; seed potato bud tip or bud eye upward, perpendicular to the horizontal plane. After sowing, cover 5m / 6cm thin soil layer, and then cover the border with straw.

? 6. Field management.

The main results are as follows: 1. Early determination of seedlings and cultivation of soil in middle ploughing: after completing the seedlings, two strong seedlings are retained in each tree, and the redundant weak seedlings are removed to benefit the seedlings and increase the yield of strong potatoes. During the whole growth period, it is required to cultivate the soil twice, the first time when the seedling height is 10 meters and 15 centimeters, and the soil is 5 centimeters and 6 centimeters, mainly to loosen the soil and kill weeds; the second time is carried out before the row is closed, supporting the soil to the seedling roots as far as possible, the soil should be wide, and the soil should be 3 and 4 centimeters.

2. Early topdressing: the first topdressing is carried out when the seedling emerges at 70%, which promotes the seedling to be strong and increases the leaf area. After that, fertilizer was applied every 7 Mel 10 days, and when the stems and leaves were closed, the total amount of topdressing was 4 Mel 5 times. The first mu was treated with compound fertilizer 10 Mel 12 kg, urea 2 Mel 3 kg, and water 1500 Mel 2000 kg. The second mu was treated with 10 kg compound fertilizer and 3 kg urea, and the amount of urea was gradually reduced from the third time, and potassium chloride or potassium sulfate was increased by 3 kg. At the same time, foliar fertilizer was sprayed once with "Yunda 120" 500 times liquid or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution at seedling stage, tuber stage and peak expansion stage to regulate plant growth, and 75 kg of "920" 1g of water was sprayed one month before harvest to prolong the post-ripening period.

3. Tuber stage management: plant overgrowth should be avoided in tuber stage, especially during tuber expansion period. Root absorption alone can no longer meet the needs of plants. 0.5% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixture or 0.8% potassium nitrate can be foliar sprayed, and the soil water holding capacity can be kept at about 80%. In addition, attention should be paid to the supplementary application of magnesium fertilizer, that is, when the plant is 45 cm high, it should be sprayed with 100 grams of magnesium sulfate and 75 kg of water per mu.