Manifestations of exogenous allergic alveolitis in farmers' lungs

Peasant lung is a kind of exogenous allergic alveolitis (exogenous allergic bronchoalveolitis), and exogenous allergic alveolitis can be said to be a kind of pneumoconiosis. Farmers' lungs specifically refer to exogenous allergic alveolitis caused by inhaling organic dust containing thermophilic actinomycetes when farmers or other working people come into contact with moldy straw or rice in the working environment. Macrophage granuloma and pulmonary interstitial fibrosis can be formed in the lung.

Exogenous allergic alveolitis, or exogenous allergic bronchiolitis, is a common term in the world. Some countries and regions have included exogenous allergic alveolitis in occupational diseases, indicating that farmers' lungs are widespread and common. Therefore, when there are chills and high fever, sweating, general discomfort, loss of appetite, nausea, headache, chest tightness, shortness of breath, dry cough or a small amount of mucous sputum, dyspnea, hypoxia and other phenomena in the field or after work, think of farmers' lungs.

Farmer's bronchoalveolitis

Exogenous allergic bronchoalveolitis is the manifestation of farmers' lungs, and it can also be divided into acute, subacute and chronic. When it occurs within 4-8 hours after inhaling a large number of thermophilic actinomycetes spores, the onset of the disease is sudden. Fear of cold and high fever, sweating, general discomfort, loss of appetite, nausea, headache, chest tightness, shortness of breath, dry cough or a small amount of mucus sputum, it is very easy to be diagnosed as "cold" at this time, in fact, it may be suffering from peasant lung. It is necessary to go to the regular hospital for examination and make a diagnosis as soon as possible.

About 10% of patients with acute peasant lungs may have allergic symptoms such as wheezing, skin itching and mucosal edema, shortness of breath and even lack of oxygen can be seen during physical examination, and a small amount of wet rales and twirling sounds may be heard in both lower lungs. Occasional wheezing, heart rate increased, and so on.

Farmers' lungs are moldy rice

Chronic farmers' lungs are those who repeatedly come into contact with a large number of antigens and do not heal for a long time. Cough, expectoration, dyspnea, hypoxia, cyanosis, extreme fatigue can be seen clinically, and secondary infection can be feverish and sweaty. At this time, it is very easy to be misdiagnosed as "chronic bronchitis". Physical examination may have signs of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis or wet rales in both lungs. Most of the subacute types are developed from acute delay, and the symptoms are severe and easy to be misdiagnosed. However, because it is difficult to define its time and clinical manifestations and is rare, it is generally not necessary to include conventional typing.

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