Management Technology of Pleurotus ostreatus

(1) treatment out of the mushroom room, sterilization and insecticidal.

(2) after stacking, unlock one end of the bag and should not rush to turn the mouth of the bag (standard: mushroom buds are required to turn the mouth).

(3) indoor ground water is discharged to maintain 85% Murray 90% air humidity.

(4) ventilating, keeping the air fresh and not sulking.

(5) adjust the temperature from 15 ℃ to 18 ℃ and enlarge the temperature difference between day and night.

(6) artificially reduce the light (standard: it is appropriate to see newspaper fonts indoors)

Mushroom production management

When picking mushrooms, do the principle of picking mushrooms first, then spraying water, and then releasing air, which is conducive to the recovery of mycelium and avoid the death of large mushrooms and small mushrooms.

When picking mushrooms, take the handle of the mushrooms with your fingers as far as possible, harvest the mushrooms in the form of rotation, protect the material surface, shorten the mushroom production cycle, and remove the material surface at any time, one is to raise mycelium, the other is to avoid the infection of miscellaneous bacteria on the material surface. And spray special tide-changing agent (triacontanol)

? Problems that should be paid attention to in management:

(1) when ventilating, depending on the direction of the wind, the wind takes the leeward ventilation, when there is no wind, both sides are released at the same time, the size of spraying water should be determined according to the size of the wind, ventilation and water spraying should depend on the weather, rainy and foggy days, high humidity, slow air flow, at this time should not spray water or less spray, ventilation time extended or long night release.

(2) the ventilation is too small, the mushroom body is dysplastic, there are deformities, long stalked cap, thin and small cap, premature senescence and atrophy of hyphae, which lead to the occurrence of various diseases. Excessive ventilation, low indoor humidity, yellowing of the mushroom cap, flying edge, and large thin slices led to the drying and death of young mushrooms. The head tide mushroom was in the high temperature period (20 ℃-25 ℃). The mushroom body grew rapidly and the metabolism was exuberant, carbon dioxide was produced in the greenhouse, and the ventilation was increased appropriately, but there was a principle: it did not increase the indoor temperature and did not decrease the indoor temperature. In the later stage, there is less mushroom, and the indoor carbon dioxide is reduced correspondingly. At this time, pay attention to ventilation, both ventilation and increase the temperature, that is, ventilation when the outdoor temperature is high. The principle of introducing hot air outside the shed to increase the temperature inside the shed.

(3) Water spraying: the spray point should be small and uniform, the size of the spray hole should be properly controlled, the speed of the spray head should be stable and regular, and the spray should not be sprayed at random, suddenly high and low, and the phenomenon of dead angle appears. After spraying heavy water, a large ventilation should be carried out for 15 minutes, limited to 30 minutes. There are many and large mushrooms, and the water spray should be a little bigger. There is wind outside, dry weather, spray water should be big, on the contrary, indoor temperature suitable (12 ℃-18 ℃) more spray water, high and low temperature spray less water, indoor moisture retention is poor to spray more water, or shed water, in addition to the doorway, dead corner need to spray more water, and not dead to move the strip.

In short, in the whole growth process, the temperature should be as high and low as possible in order to promote the rapid formation and growth of mushroom body.

? Specific management measures after harvest:

(1) stop water for 3 days after harvest, clean the material surface (without damaging the material bottom), and clean the indoor hygiene, spray the material surface with special nutrients and fungicides, then pull down the mouth of the bag and spray water to moisturize it, so that the material surface will not dry. The management should reduce the humidity, increase the temperature by 20 ℃-22 ℃, and reduce the light.

(2) to supplement nutrition, after the second crop of mushrooms, more than half of the nutrients are lost, so it is necessary to replenish water and nutrition, and points for attention when replenishing nutrition:

a. Rehydration depends on the size of young mushrooms on the surface. It is forbidden to have large quantities of mushrooms to replenish water.

b. It is not allowed to replenish water immediately after picking mushrooms.

c. Continuous use of the same type of nutrients is not allowed.

The appropriate amount of water replenishment is 250ml / 300g. Methods: soak for more than 24 hours or replenish water directly.

Later stage management

After the second crop of mushroom culture material, a large amount of water and nutrition loss, in order to increase the yield, we can use wall covering soil to produce mushroom (can be single row or double row).

Nutrient soil formula: use fertile vegetable garden soil (0.5m / m ~ 0.7 for 1000 jin), add 12% lime, 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and mud. One layer of soil, one layer of bag, trapezoidal cover soil to produce mushrooms. It has 8 layers of discharge, and the top layer is covered with a little more soil, forming a small ditch. By watering the small ditch, the nutritious soil can always be kept moist, maintaining water supply and reducing the number of water spraying.

According to the above management, the average yield of mushrooms will exceed 100% Murray 150% bioconversion rate.