Technical specification for cultivation of Coprinus comatus in greenhouse in autumn and winter

1. Cultivation form: Coprinus comatus cultivation material was fermented in late August, inoculated in early September, cultivated in the shed in late October, harvested in the middle of November, inoculated in the second stubble in late November, prepared for the second crop of cultivation in the middle of December, the first stubble and third tide mushroom was harvested in the first ten days of January of the second year, the second stubble of Coprinus comatus was planted in late January, and the production of Coprinus comatus ended at the end of April.

2. Cultivation formula: ① cottonseed husk 100kg, phosphate fertilizer 2kg, urea 0.5kg, lime 2kg, water 150ml 160kg. ② corncob 100kg, diammonium phosphate 1kg, lime 3.5kg, water 150kg. ③ corn straw powder 80kg, horse manure powder 20kg, urea 1kg, phosphate fertilizer 2kg, lime 3kg, water 150kg. ④ cotton firewood 60 kg, corncob 30 kg, dry horse manure 10 kg, urea 1 kg, phosphate fertilizer 2 kg, lime 3-4 kg, water 150kg.

Third, culture material fermentation: first, the raw materials are fully pre-wet and piled up fermentation, each pile is not less than 3 cubic meters. When the temperature reaches 60-65 ℃, turn the pile after 12 hours, then heat up to 60-65 ℃, keep it for 12 hours, turn the pile for 3 times, with the fermentation material dark brown, fermented flavor, no odor, no ammonia smell, ph (pH) 7-8, water content 60-65%. After the fermentation, cool and prepare to be bagged and inoculated.

Fourth, bag inoculation: the bacteria are packed with a film bag with a diameter of 22-24 cm and a length of 35 cm. The strain is broken into the size of a red jujube and inoculated with 4 bacteria at both ends of the bag, that is, 4 bacteria are connected at both ends of the bag, and five bacteria are installed every 12 cm in the middle. A total of 4 layers are inoculated. After filling the culture bag, the bag is held in the middle of the bag without drooping at both ends. After the bag is packed, it is penetrated from both ends of the bag with a pointed stick with a diameter of 3 cm to facilitate air permeability and oxygen supply. The amount of bacteria used as dry material is 15murf. 20%.

Fifth, germs: put the bacteria bag indoors after packing, two layers and one stack when the room temperature is high, and four layers and one stack when the room temperature is low, in order to dissipate heat and prevent the mycelium from burning up. When sending bacteria, the material temperature should be controlled at 22-28 ℃, and the indoor air relative humidity should be about 60%. During the germicidal period, pay attention to observe the temperature change, when the material temperature is high, it should turn over the stack, dissipate heat and cool down, in order to facilitate the uniform distribution of bacteria.

6. soil mulching cultivation: the mycelium grows in the whole bag for 20 days, and the bacteria can be cultivated in the shed for another 5 days. the method is as follows: take off the bacteria bag, row the two bags horizontally, add a vertical rod in the middle, and make the border in the north and south, with 85-90 sticks in each bed. Then use the soil to bury the stick, and cover the upper part with a mixture of thick and fine soil of 3-5 cm (loam is suitable for burying the rod). Before use, the covering soil was mixed with 1 Mel 2% lime, sprayed with trichlorfon and formaldehyde solution, and covered with film for 24-48 hours to kill bacteria and insects. At the same time, adjust the humidity and ph (7-8), after dispelling the smell, it can be used.

7. Mushroom production management: the mushroom began to emerge 20 days after the rods were put into the shed and covered with soil. before that, the temperature in the shed was maintained at 16-25 ℃. Under the appropriate humidity management, the biological conversion rate was 141-152%, that is, 1 kg culture material could produce about 1.5kg Coprinus comatus, while when the temperature was higher than 25 ℃, the biological efficiency was only 80%. In addition, there should be sufficient oxygen and suitable lighting conditions in the shed.

8. Harvest: the fruiting body of Coprinus comatus grows up 7-8 days later, and it should be harvested in time when the lid has not been opened, otherwise, the black spores released after the Coprinus comatus mature and open can make its fruiting body produce autolysis, which will greatly reduce the commercial value of Coprinus comatus.

Ninth, second tide mushroom management: after the first tide mushroom harvest, clean up the border mushroom root and dead mushroom, cover the fertilizer soil, spray water on the border surface, carry on the second tide mushroom to produce mushroom according to the normal management, and then the management of the third and fourth tide mushroom is the same as above. Coprinus comatus can receive 3-5 tides in one production period. Tenth, pest control: Coprinus comatus has a very strong ability to resist miscellaneous bacteria, generally do not need to use drugs to kill bacteria, only trichlorfon and formaldehyde solution before covering soil to kill miscellaneous bacteria and eggs in the soil.