Technical points of original ecological pig raising-bedding material

The choice of cushion material. Bedding materials are required to have water retention, air permeability and a certain source of microbial nutrients. Bedding materials should be selected according to local conditions, mainly rice husks, rice bran, bamboo sawdust and perlite in the south, rice straw and leaf weeds are also good bedding materials after crushing, while corn straw, peanut shell powder, corncob powder, straw powder and perlite are mainly in the north.

Cushion thickness requirements. In general, the total thickness of cushion in piggery is about 80 cm ~ 100 cm, which is thick in winter and relatively thin in summer. The thickness of the cushion is not less than 45 cm, and the volume of a single fermentation mattress is not less than 10 cubic meters.

Operation method of cushion fermentation. The fermentation base of HM bedding material was pretreated.

When ① fermented cushion in winter, the fermentation medium of HM cushion was soaked in warm water of 30 ℃ ~ 40 ℃ for 8 hours ~ 10 hours, in order to activate the fermentation base of HM cushion.

During ② fermentation in other seasons, mix the HM fermentation base with the mixture of fine corn flour, rapeseed meal and wheat bran, in order to provide various nutrients to microorganisms and increase the contact area between HM fermentation base and fermentation raw materials.

Mixed fermentation

① centralized and unified manufacturing method: that is, outside the house, the amount of various cushions is calculated according to the volume of each pig house, and each cushion is mixed in proportion. When fermenting in winter, the fermentation base of the first pre-treated HM cushion is added to water step by step, and water is added while stirring the cushion, and the moisture is adjusted to 50% 60%. In other seasons, sprinkle the fermentation base of the second pretreated HM cushion into the cushion, mix and stir evenly, adjust the moisture to 50% to 60% (that is, the palm of the hand is wet, but the finger seams are not dripping), and then pile into a cuboid with a height of about 1 m, a width of 1.5 m ~ 2 m and an unlimited length, and the upper half of the stack is covered with woven bags or long straws to reduce evaporation of moisture. Then insert the thermometer 30 cm into the material. Mixed stacking fermentation, the temperature is above 55 ℃ for 5 days, then turn the pile, when the temperature is above 55 degrees, ferment for another 5 days, then lower the height of the pile, when the temperature drops steadily to the ambient temperature, the bedding material can be filled into the pigsty. After the above fermentation, not only the cushion material was treated innocuously, but also the functional microorganisms could propagate and colonize in large numbers.

② house direct production method: the selected cushion and HM cushion fermentation base are fully stirred evenly in the piggery fermentation tank according to proportion, then stirred with water, adjusted moisture to 50%-60%, and then piled up fermentation. The fermentation method is the same as the outside method, pay attention to set aside a certain space in the fermentation tank, so as to facilitate the operation of cushion stirring, turning and so on.

Lay bedding. After harmless treatment, the cushion material has a refreshing sour smell and no odor when the temperature drops steadily, indicating that the cushion material has been fermented successfully, and the cushion material can be spread out (transported) to each fence house and laid at the required height.

After the bedding is spread out in the barn, wait for 24 hours to see that the temperature is stable before entering the pig.