Methods of sowing and propagation of chamomile

The flowers of chamomile are delicate and lovely, the petals are fine, and they feel as bright as wax, so they are loved by many people. Wax chrysanthemum is also used in the raw materials of cosmetics, and it has been cultivated in our country in the past two years. Artificial propagation of chamomile can be done by sowing. The editor will introduce to you the matters needing attention in sowing and breeding of chamomile.

Wax chrysanthemum

The seeds of Chrysanthemum morifolium can be dried after collection and stored in a ventilated and cool place indoors. It is appropriate to sow in autumn and winter. It takes 110-120 days from autumn sowing to flowering in the south of the Yangtze River. In areas with low temperature, sowing and sowing in plastic greenhouse can survive the winter, and when spring is warm, it can be moved out of the nursery and planted. Heating and supplementary light in winter can obviously shorten the seedling raising period. At the initial stage after planting, appropriate low temperature is beneficial to the flowering of chamomile, and the seedlings should be tempered at low temperature before planting, and the flowers are larger. South China can be sown and cultivated in the open field, sowing spring flowers in winter or winter flowers in autumn.

Sowing time is autumn and winter, in order to facilitate management, it is best to use seedling tray to sow seeds on loose bed soil. Soak the seeds for several hours before sowing, remove and dry them out and sow them on the seedling tray; or install the bed soil on the seedling plate, slightly compact, scrape flat and water, sow the seeds, sowing about 6 grams per square meter of seedling bed, cover with plastic film or buckle small arches after Xiaotu. Under suitable conditions, the seeds 5Murray emerged in 7 days. When the seedling has two true leaves, a single plant can be cultivated in a container with a diameter of 8 cm. Although the seedling stage has strong adaptability to low temperature, in order to ensure its normal growth, the early night temperature should not be lower than I or, the daytime temperature should be controlled at 22-24t, and the bed soil should be kept moist. The seeds can also be sowed directly in the nursery or flowerpot, but many seeds are used and the germination is irregular, so it is better to sow and transfer seedlings in heat preservation. The seedlings were moved and planted when the height of the seedlings was about 8 cm. It can be moved to a small arch shed about half a month before planting, and the mulch is removed 6 days before planting, and there is no need to cover it at night without freezing weather in the north. Chrysanthemum morifolium used for cut flower cultivation should pick out the core once in the seedling stage to promote the lateral branch and increase the yield of flower branch.

Introduction to the cultivation techniques of chamomile!

Wax chrysanthemum color is brilliant and bright, after drying, the flower shape and color remain unchanged for a long time, so it is most suitable to be cut as a "dried flower" for indoor decoration in winter. The method of collecting dried flowers is to cut the branches before the flowers are half-bloomed, remove the leaves and hang them upside down in a dry, cool and ventilated place. The dwarf variety of Chrysanthemum morifolium can be used as flower bed material or pot ornamental. Today, I would like to briefly introduce the cultivation techniques of chamomile. Cultivation techniques of Chrysanthemum morifolium Chrysanthemum can be sown and propagated. The seeds can be sowed in the open seedbed in spring or in the hotbed or greenhouse in early spring. The suitable temperature for germination is about 15 ℃ and 20 min. After sowing, the soil cover should not be thick, it should be unearthed for about a week and sprouted neatly. After one transplant, the seedlings can be colonized when they have 8 leaves. In order to promote branching, more blossoms. During the growing period, the heart can be extracted for 3 times. After sowing, it can begin to blossom after about 3 months of cultivation. The single flowering period is as long as 1 month, and each plant can blossom for as long as 3 Mel for 4 months. Seeds should be harvested in time to prevent them from falling. Seeds should be dried in the shade after harvest and stored in a low temperature and dry place. The life span of seeds is more than 3 years. Sowing and raising seedlings from February to March in the south and from March to April in the north. Sowing depth 0.3 ℃ 0.5 cm, keep the seedling soil moist, keep the temperature 15 mi 30 cm, 5 mi 7 days seedling emergence, seedlings with 5 Mel 7 leaves can be transplanting with soil. Potted plants use 15Mel 25cm diameter pots with 1 plant per pot. The row spacing between flower beds and field plants is 60MUR 80cm, and the distance between plants is 20MUR 25cm. Pour water thoroughly after planting, and then pour it again when it is dry. No stagnant water is left at the root of quick pouring. It is necessary to pay attention to drainage and waterlogging during the rainy season. It takes 55 days from seedling planting to flowering. Usually far away from the seedling root digging nest, burying rotten livestock manure or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium multi-element fertilizer, a small number of times. Red spiders and cabbage insects are easy to damage leaves or flowers in dry season and rainy season. High-efficient and low-toxic pesticide "kung fu" or "disinfestation" 1500 times liquid should be used to spray leaves and flowers. Do not pick flowers and soak water for drinking within 30 days after medication. Matters needing attention in the culture of chamomile rust is a common disease of chamomile, the pathogen is basidiomycetes subphylum, white rust is caused by Puccinia, and black rust is caused by chrysanthemum. The pathogen generally overwinters in the new buds of plants, spreads with the reproduction of chrysanthemum seedlings, and spreads through wind, rain, insects and so on. The pathogenic bacteria like cool and can not tolerate high temperature, which first appeared from June to July. However, it is easy to infect under 6 ℃ or above 31 ℃ from September to December, but it is favorable for diseases in warm and humid season, which is most likely to occur under the conditions of high humidity, sufficient light, poor ventilation, large temperature difference between day and night, and 24 ℃. Cold, overcast and rain, warm day and night cold and humid weather are more serious, so prevention and control work should be done. Botrytis cinerea mainly harms the leaves, stems and flowers of chamomile. When the leaves were damaged, there were brown disease spots on the edge of the leaves, and the surface was slightly corrugated. The petioles and flower stalks softened at first, and then the outer skin rotted. When the flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium are endangered, the maturity of seeds will be affected. High temperature and heavy rain, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, over-dense planting and heavy soil texture may lead to the occurrence of Botrytis cinerea. Diseased leaves and diseased plants should be removed in time, burned or buried deeply in order to prevent the spread of the disease. The roots of newly planted Chrysanthemum morifolium can be soaked in 65% Dysen zinc 300 times solution for 10 min before planting. Pay attention to cultivation management, pay attention to improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, not partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, pay attention to ditching in rainy season, and strictly prevent soil irrigation. Whether garden or potted, the soil is required to be germ-free new soil.

Brief introduction of Chrysanthemum morifolium Summary of cultivation techniques of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Wheat stalk chrysanthemum, also known as chamomile and shellfish, is a perennial herb. Like light, like warm and humid environment, not cold-resistant, avoid extreme heat. Sowing, cutting, striping propagation can be, autumn flowering, taste sweet and bitter, slightly cold, dry petals are golden yellow, bright colors and long-lasting. What are the cultivation techniques of chamomile? I'd like to share with you.

Cultivation techniques

Reproduce by sowing. The seeds can be sowed in the open seedbed in spring or in the hotbed or greenhouse in early spring. The optimum temperature for germination is about 15-20 ℃. After sowing, the soil cover should not be thick, it should be unearthed for about a week and sprouted neatly. After one transplant, the seedlings can be colonized when they have 7-8 leaves. In order to promote branching and blossom more, the heart can be removed for 2 or 3 times during the growing period. After sowing, after about 3 months of cultivation, it can begin to bloom, the single flowering period can be as long as 1 month, and each plant can blossom for 3-4 months. Seeds should be harvested in time to prevent them from falling. Seeds should be dried in the shade after harvest and stored in a low temperature and dry place. The life span of seeds is more than 2 to 3 years.

Cultivation and management

Sowing and raising seedlings from February to March in the south and from March to April in the north. Sowing depth 0.3cm, keep the soil moist, keep the temperature 1530 ℃, emerge in 5 days, seedlings with 5 leaves can transplant with soil. Potted plants use pots with a diameter of 15 centimeters and 25 centimeters, 1 plant per pot, 60 centimeters between flower beds and field plants, and 20 centimeters between plants. Pour water thoroughly after planting, and then pour it again when it is dry. No stagnant water is left at the root of quick pouring. Drainage and waterlogging prevention in rainy season. It takes 50-55 days from seedling planting to flowering. Usually far away from the seedling root digging nest, burying rotten livestock manure or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium multi-element fertilizer, a small number of times. Red spiders and cabbage insects are easy to damage leaves or flowers in dry season and rainy season. High-efficient and low-toxic pesticide "kung fu" or "disinfestation" 1500 times liquid should be used to spray leaves and flowers. Do not pick flowers and soak water for drinking within 30 days after medication.

Pest control

Powdery mildew

The main damage to leaves and stems, the damaged leaves showed white powdery disease spots, from dots into pieces, like white frost. In severe cases, the leaves are deformed, stop growing, and the plants wither.

The disease is caused by a semi-known fungus, which is transmitted by fungi from August to September to the beginning of winter. In the early stage of the disease, there were small white spots, which gradually expanded into irregular disease spots, and white powdery substances grew on the disease spots, resulting in curly leaves, deformed branches, few and small flowers, and even the whole plant withered. When the disease is serious, gray-white hyphae can be found on leaves and buds, like a layer of powder cream, which wrinkles and deforms twigs and leaves and seriously affects the ornamental effect. Especially in greenhouse cultivation, the disease spreads very rapidly. The disease is most susceptible to infection when the temperature is high, the humidity is high, the light is low, the ventilation is poor, and the temperature difference between day and night is about 10 ℃.

Prevention and cure method

(1) pay attention to ventilation and light transmission, row spacing should not be too dense, and soil moisture should not be too high.

(2) removal of early diseased leaves and burning

(3) before the onset of the disease from July to August, carbendazim, 50% wettable topiramate 800 times, dinitrate powder, 1000 times or 0.2-0.5% stone sulfur mixture were sprayed 4-5 times a week.

Grey mold disease

Botrytis cinerea mainly harms the leaves, stems and flowers of chrysanthemum. When the leaves were damaged, there were brown disease spots on the edge of the leaves, and the surface was slightly corrugated. The petioles and flower stalks softened at first, and then the outer skin rotted. Seed maturation is affected when flowers are damaged. High temperature and heavy rain, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, over-dense planting and heavy soil texture are all conducive to the occurrence of Botrytis cinerea.

Prevention and cure method

(1) planting in guest soil. The pathogen overwinters mainly in the soil, so whether it is cultivated in the garden or in the pot, the soil is required to be bacteria-free new soil.

(2) diseased leaves and diseased plants should be removed in time, burned or buried deeply in order to prevent the spread of the disease.

(3) the roots of newly planted chrysanthemums can be soaked in 65% Dysen zinc 300 times solution for 10-15 minutes before planting.

(4) pay attention to cultivation management, improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, apply nitrogen fertilizer without bias, pay attention to ditching in rainy season, and strictly prevent soil irrigation.

(5) at the initial stage of the disease, fungicides such as stone-sulfur mixture of Baume 0.3-0.5 degrees, Dysen zinc and carbendazim can be sprayed.

That's all I know about chamomile today. I hope it will be helpful for flower friends to read this article. If you want to know more about chamomile, please continue to pay attention to the succulent flower bed, we will provide you with more related knowledge!