Safety control measures of fully enclosed chicken house

In order to build an environmentally safe chicken farm, the total amount of pathogenic microorganisms should be controlled from four aspects: air, feed, drinking water and feces.

? Air quality control

Gas quality control when entering the henhouse. At present, most infectious diseases are transmitted by the air. therefore, the air entering the chicken house must be cleaned and sterilized accordingly. During this period, some better purification and sterilization equipment can be used to purify the air.

Gas quality control in chicken house. Most of the dust in the henhouse comes from the chicken's skin, feathers, or when it coughs or cries. For flat chicken coops, the mat grass can also produce dust. This dust will load the pathogenic microorganisms into the infected area, resulting in immunity and medication can not have the desired effect. At present, there is a comprehensive technical equipment which can not only reduce the concentration of harmful gas, but also remove dust. This kind of equipment can establish a space electric field control network in the chicken house, which can remove at least 80% of the dust in the chicken house, reduce the air humidity by 3% to 12%, and remove harmful gases by 40% to 60%. The efficiency of removing carbon dioxide is 30% and 40%. For flat chicken coops, the efficiency of removing microbial colonies is 82% to 99%. For the environmentally safe caged chicken house, it is necessary to set up not only a space electric field control network above the chicken house, but also a space electric field control electrode in the feces, so that the efficiency of removing microbial colonies is 90% to 99%.

Gas quality control of air intake. Most of the gas with germs and dust will enter the chicken house through the exhaust port, so the corresponding gas purification equipment should be installed in the exhaust port. Every 100 square meters of chicken coop needs at least one gas purification equipment. In order to increase the air flow into the chicken house, an exhaust tube can be installed on the gas purification equipment, or the exhaust tube made of high-tension plastic film which can be heated by sunlight can be installed on the roof gas purification equipment. The length of the exhaust tube should be 6 ~ 12 meters, especially in summer, which can reduce the temperature in the chicken house by about 2 ℃ ~ 3 ℃.

Ventilation design in the house

The hot weather in summer, especially when the temperature is above 30 ℃, will make chickens feel uncomfortable, which may affect their growth and development and egg laying performance. Therefore, some anti-heat stress and cooling measures should be adopted to solve the problem, and the ventilation in the chicken house should be done well at the same time.

In the design link of the chicken house, we should consider the design of ventilation, including power supply, equipment, etc., and reserve the installation position. Fan air supply and ventilation are commonly used in ventilation equipment in our country, which should be installed in the position where the air can flow longitudinally in the chicken house, in order to achieve the best ventilation effect. The number of fans can be comprehensively considered according to the fan power, the area of the chicken coop, the number of chickens and the actual temperature.

? Temperature control

With the increase of chicken age, the temperature of the henhouse should also change. For chicks aged from 0 to 6 weeks, the temperature in the henhouse should be controlled at 18 ℃ ~ 25 ℃. The temperature in the henhouse should be controlled at 33 ℃ ~ 35 ℃ on the first day of brooding, and then decreased by 2 ℃ ~ 3 ℃ per week to 18 ℃ ~ 25 ℃. When starting to produce chickens, the temperature in the henhouse should be controlled at 13 ℃ ~ 23 ℃, and the lowest should not be less than 5 ℃ and the highest should not exceed 30 ℃. In order to achieve the best laying effect and feed efficiency, the temperature in the henhouse should be controlled at 13 ℃ ~ 27 ℃. If the temperature of each stage is not properly controlled, especially the occurrence of sudden cold and heat, it is very easy to cause hot and cold stress, and then lead to immune or medication failure. In this regard, the environmental safety chicken house can use ecological method to control the temperature, or use wet curtain or mechanical ventilation to adjust the temperature.

Adjust the temperature by ecological method. It uses solar greenhouse and plant community evaporation to cool and insulate to regulate the temperature. When the weather is clear during the day, the hot air in the greenhouse will enter the chicken house through the purification equipment of the air intake, and will be discharged through the exhaust pipe after heat exchange with the original gas. The heat storage effect of greenhouse wall and soil can be used at night, which will not cause the temperature in the chicken house to decrease rapidly and appear cold and hot stress phenomenon.

Wet curtain or mechanical ventilation to adjust the temperature. Compared with the ecological temperature regulation method is more traditional, this temperature regulation method is to select some heating equipment to realize the temperature regulation. When using this method, purification equipment should be set up at the air inlet and outlet of the relevant equipment to ensure the environmental safety of the chicken house.

? Removal of harmful gases

Ground odor inhalation. Sprinkle a layer of superphosphate on the floor of the poultry house to control the emission of ammonia in the feces, thereby reducing the stench of the poultry house. During this period, 350 grams of calcium superphosphate can be evenly sprinkled on the active ground of every 50 poultry.

Bedding deodorization method. Mixing sulfur into the cushion can keep the pH value of the cushion below 7.0, which can reduce the formation and emission of ammonia in feces, control the content of ammonia in the chicken house and reduce the odor of ammonia. During this period, 0.5 kg of sulfur can be added to the cushion per square meter of ground.

Air odor inhalation. Activated carbon, charcoal, quicklime and other adsorptive substances can be used to adsorb the odor in the air. During this period, the material can be packed in a mesh bag and hung in the chicken coop or on the ground, which can play a better role in deodorization.

Deodorization of Chinese herbal medicine. There are many Chinese herbal medicines have a certain deodorant effect, such as Artemisia leaves, Atractylodes lancea, straw and so on. During this period, the above substances can be properly divided into poultry houses and ignited, which can play a better role in inhibiting bacteria and deodorization, and it is best to use this deodorization method in empty houses.

Chemical deodorization. Some chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate and copper sulfate can reduce the air odor in poultry houses to some extent. During this period, 4% copper sulfate and appropriate amount of hydrated lime can be mixed in the cushion to achieve a better deodorization effect.