Technical points of raising cattle scientifically

Suitable for raising cattle, especially beef cattle breeding is a good way for farmers to get rich, but in order to achieve high efficiency, scientific breeding and fine management are necessary. Several technical points should be mastered in raising cattle scientifically:

First, to ensure a good growth environment

To raise cattle, we should first do a good job in the construction of cowshed, build a cowshed that is warm in winter and cool in summer according to local conditions, and keep it warm in winter to keep it above 5 ℃. Remove feces regularly every day, ventilate at noon, brush the cattle, regularly take them to the outside to bask in the sun, strengthen their physique, and help to gain weight.

? Second, be sure to choose and raise improved cattle

Selecting good breeds of cattle for breeding is the key to obtain good benefits, because improved breeds of cattle not only have good meat quality, fast growth, high feed reward, good sale, but also low morbidity. It is necessary to change the practice of progressive hybridization, which has been carried out for many years, and actively introduce Limousin, Simandar and other varieties to carry out three-way hybridization, so as to constantly improve the effect of improvement and economic benefits. Do not think that local cattle are already very good and do not pay attention to breed improvement. they should constantly improve their breeds. breed improvement should be carried out when cattle prices are expensive, and breed improvement should be carried out when cattle prices are cheap, and new techniques of frozen semen breeding should be promoted as far as possible if conditions permit. In particular, it should be noted that hybrid bulls can not be used to breed, because although hybrid bulls are tall and powerful, they are genetically unstable, which can easily lead to inbreeding, offspring degradation and low economic benefits.

? III. Scientific feeding

Cattle should be fed with green grass and other necessary nutritious feed as far as possible. In order to improve the benefit of raising cattle, it is necessary to start with calf breeding, especially to do a good job of supplementary feeding in the first and second winter and spring, so that their body weight can reach about 300 kg at the age of 18 to 24 months, or more than 500 kg after short-term intensive fattening. The crude protein content of rice straw and wheat straw can be increased by ammoniation, which can not only reduce the feeding cost, but also improve the economic benefit of raising cattle. Therefore, it is necessary to popularize the new straw treatment technologies such as straw silage, semi-dry silage and ammoniation, and popularize straw raising cattle. Adding urea is an effective way to solve the shortage of protein feed in China. Urea phosphate and ruminal hormone can increase daily gain and feed conversion rate by 10% to 15%, and sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) can increase feed utilization rate by more than 12%. The urease inhibitors developed and popularized in recent years also have good weight gain effect. In addition, a variety of vitamins, minerals, trace elements and other additives can be used.

? IV. Do a good job in deworming and disease prevention

Due to grazing and contact with the ground, cattle are often infected with a variety of parasites in vivo and in vitro, such as Haemonchus contortus, nematode and esophageal nematode in the digestive tract of cattle; cattle are easily infected with mites, ticks, lice, flies, maggots and other in vitro parasites. These parasites absorb nutrients and release toxins, hindering the growth and development of cattle, reducing daily gain by 35% and feed conversion rate by 30%. Bovine skin maggots more than double the skin price, which can cause death when the parasite is serious. It can be seen that deworming is an indispensable part of raising cattle. Farmers' cattle can be dewormed twice from March to May in spring and from September to October in autumn, and fattening cattle should be dewormed at the beginning of fattening. At present, there are many kinds of deworming drugs, but the anti-insect spectrum is narrow and the effect is not satisfactory. Alfudin is the first choice for deworming. The drug is a broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, low-toxic and new anti-parasite veterinary drug developed and produced in recent years, which can simultaneously dispel nematodes in livestock and poultry and parasites such as mites, ticks, lice and maggots in vitro. There are four dosage forms: injection, tablet, capsule and powder. Among them, the powder is moderate in price and easy to use. Usage and dosage: take or mix well in the feed. Use 1 gram for every 10 kilograms of body weight; deworming is best arranged in the afternoon or at night, so that it can be excreted during the next day to facilitate collection and treatment. It is best to stop eating for 6 ~ 12 hours before administration and have no choice but to drink water to improve the efficacy. After expelling all kinds of parasites in vivo and in vitro, the effect of scientific feeding and fattening is remarkable. The prevention of bovine diseases is also one of the keys to achieve high benefits in cattle raising. If disease prevention is not done well, all previous efforts will be wasted. To prevent cow disease, in addition to doing a good job in the cleaning and disinfection of cattle barns and cattle, ensuring the safety of cattle feed and drinking water, and deworming, if there is not enough veterinary technology, it is necessary to maintain regular contact with local veterinarians to do a good job in epidemic prevention and disease treatment.

? Sell finished cattle in a timely manner

Cattle raised to meet certain specifications should be sold in time, otherwise the loss will outweigh the gain because the feeding cost is too high, reducing the benefit of raising cattle, or even no benefit. Zhang Haiyan