To cultivate balsam pear, we should do a good job of field management.

In order to increase the yield of balsam pear, field management is very important, we should pay attention to the following key technologies.

First, ploughing, weeding and soil cultivation. Generally, after planting and watering slow seedlings, the first intertillage will be carried out when the topsoil is slightly dry and not sticky. If there is a windy day or soil drought, it can be rewatered and then ploughed again. The second intertillage can be carried out 10-15 days after the first intertillage. This time, attention should be paid to protecting the new roots, which should be shallow rather than deep. Each ploughing can be combined with the application of some high-quality farm fertilizer, such as cake fertilizer, all kinds of poultry feathers and rotten chicken manure, pig manure and so on. After setting up the frame, when the melon vine extends to more than 50 centimeters, the root system is basically covered with the whole row, so it is generally no longer suitable for ploughing. But we should pay attention to pulling out weeds in time. In the first ploughing, if a lack of seedlings or weak diseased seedlings are found, they should be replanted in time to preserve the seedlings.

Second, setting up and pruning. When the seedlings grow to about 20 cm, it is necessary to set up a frame to draw vines. There are two ways to build scaffolding: flat scaffolding and herringbone scaffolding. The flat shed has the advantages of good ventilation, many melons and high yield. Flat scaffolding is divided into multi-span flat scaffolding and sub-span flat scaffolding. The multi-span flat scaffolding is generally in the melon row, erecting a wooden pile every 3 to 4 meters, above which the stakes of the whole field are connected with small bamboo, small wooden sticks or nylon nets, and the roof is about 2 meters from the ground; the split flat scaffolding is generally a shed for every two rows of melons, with a height of 1.5 meters. The scaffolding should be firm in order to avoid the collapse of the wind, while damaging the melon seedlings and affecting the yield. In the early stage, we should pay attention to the artificial binding of vines and assist the melon seedlings on the shelf. Balsam pear on the shelf, the main vine below 50 cm can not leave melons, female flowers should be removed to facilitate the overall development. After the main vine sits down 6-7 melons, leave 5-6 leaves to hit the top, and remove the rest of the vine.

Third, fertilizer and water management. Balsam pear has a long growth period, and the harvest time is more than 3 months, so it is necessary to ensure an adequate supply of water and fertilizer, especially in the full fruit period, and water should be watered every 7 days in case of drought. Before watering, urea or compound fertilizer should be applied 7 kg-10 kg per mu. In case of continuous rain, attention should be paid to drainage; at the same time, potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be sprayed 2-3 times.

Fourth, pest control. The main disease of balsam pear is anthracnose, which is more than that in the middle and later stage. Prevention and control should remove residual, rotten and diseased leaves in time. It can also be sprayed daily with 50% topiramate 800-1000 times, or with 70% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times daily at the initial stage of the disease, the main pests are aphids and cabbage insects, and can be foliar sprayed with 1000-2000 times of dimethoate emulsion or 1500 times of dimethoate EC.

Fifth, collect seeds in time. The fruit on a balsam pear ripens one after another. When melon is in full bloom, pick mature melons once a day, and use scissors when picking to avoid tearing the vines. At the same time, get rid of miscellaneous melons, choose seeds with the same color and shape, pick and wash seeds on the same day to ensure the germination rate of seeds.