Vegetable seeds should be "treated" before sowing.

There are many methods to treat vegetable seeds, and one of the following methods can be used comprehensively.

First, drying the seeds

Selecting fine weather before sowing, spreading the seeds on a screen or cloth for 1 or 2 days and turning them in time can promote seed ripening, stimulate seed germination and use ultraviolet light in the sun to kill germs attached to the seed epidermis.

Second, soaking seeds

1. Soak the seeds in warm soup. Put the seeds in warm water of 50 ℃ ~ 55 ℃ for 15 minutes, stir continuously in the same direction, and then soak the seeds routinely when the water temperature drops to about 25 ℃.

two。 Blanch the seeds in hot water. Put the fully dried seeds into 75 ℃ ~ 80 ℃ hot water, blanch the seeds quickly for 3 to 5 seconds, then add cold water, lower the temperature, and soak the seeds in 25 ℃ warm water. The seed soaking method causes cracks in the dry seed coat by scalding the seeds with hot water, which is beneficial for water to enter the seeds. Therefore, the effect of promoting seed water absorption is obvious, which is suitable for seeds with thick seed coat and difficulty in absorbing water, such as watermelon, wax gourd, towel gourd, balsam pear and so on. This method should not be used for seeds with thin seed coat to avoid scalding the embryo.

III. Disinfection with medicament

Seeds were treated with pesticides to prevent the occurrence of diseases. Chemical disinfection can be divided into seed soaking with liquid and seed dressing with dry powder. Seed soaking in medicine solution is to put the seed into the prepared solution after absorbing enough water, and seed dressing with dry powder is a method to treat the dry seed with appropriate amount of raw medicine.

Low temperature and variable temperature treatment

1. Low temperature treatment. For the seeds that begin to germinate, put the seeds at a low temperature of about 0 ℃ for 1-2 days, and then put them at a suitable temperature to promote germination.

two。 Variable temperature treatment. That is, the germinating seeds were first placed in the environment of 1 ℃ ~ 5 ℃ and kept for 12 hours for 18 hours, and then under the conditions of 18 ℃ ~ 22 ℃ for 12 hours and 16 hours, so repeatedly treated until sprouting. After low temperature and variable temperature treatment, the seedlings were stout, the development period was earlier, the vitality was exuberant, the cold resistance was enhanced, the flowering of fruits and vegetables was advanced, and the yield was increased.

Yang Changhong, Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Chengde County