Breeding technology of lean pigs

? Early weaning

In the process of raising pigs on a large scale, to improve the reproductive capacity of sows, early weaning to increase litter size is the most effective management method. It has been reported that it is feasible for piglets to be weaned at 35 ~ 42 days. Traditionally, piglets are weaned at the age of 56 days to 60 days. Sows give birth to less than two litters a year, while a sow consumes about 1000 kg of feed per year, which is very uneconomical. Only by shortening the production cycle of sows and giving birth to more babies can a high level of production be achieved. The results showed that early weaning had no adverse effect on litter size, growth and development, finishing and fattening performance of piglets.

Weaning at the right time. Early and timely weaning of piglets is feasible to improve the production level. The research data showed that advancing the weaning time to 35 days had no adverse effect on the utilization life of sows, piglet production, fecundity and so on.

Sow management. The main purpose of early weaning is to improve the utilization rate of sows and increase the litter size per litter. However, if the management of sows is neglected, the estrus mating period of some sows will be delayed and the annual litter size of sows will be reduced. Therefore, pig herd management must be strengthened. First of all, the production sows should organize breeding according to the breeding plan, formulate a detailed pregnancy feeding and management plan, accurately identify the estrus, and carry out breeding in a timely manner; secondly, strengthen the management of boars to ensure high breeding ability and provide excellent semen for breeding needs; finally, when sows are not matched repeatedly, remedial measures should be taken in time to make them in estrus, and when they are not cured for a long time, consideration can be given to elimination.

Pay attention to piglet feeding. The management of early weaned piglets must be strengthened to ensure that they can smoothly enter the next feeding stage. The diet must be nutritionally priced and the feed composition should be balanced in order to meet the growth and development needs of piglets after weaning. It is generally recommended that the proportion of feed formula is: protein content 18%, fat content 3%, cellulose content 4%, calcium content 0.7%-0.9%, phosphorus content 0.6%-0.8%, moisture guarantee about 13%.

? All in and all out

The feeding and management system of all-in-all-out has extremely important practical significance. To implement this system, pig house design, pig pen area, bed arrangement, and so on, must be carried out with reference to a certain production process. Once there is a problem in one link, it will lead to the improper operation of the whole process and fail to meet the basic requirements. Therefore, in order to implement this system well, we should refer to the standardization process and take the following measures:

Select the best pig breed. Breeding quality occupies an important position in the feeding system. Selecting a group of uneven and seriously separated mixed pigs in breeding management will lead to large and small ones in the breeding process, so it is difficult to achieve full entry and exit. Therefore, for standardized lean pig breeding, the selection of pig breeds must reach the degree of standardization.

Full price with diet. Standardized feeding, try to use full price with diet, maximize the production potential of breeding pigs, in order to meet the breeding standards. If the use of full-price diet still does not meet the ideal fattening standard, we can consider whether it is a pig breed or not.

Control of temperature and humidity. Appropriate temperature and humidity is the prerequisite for the healthy growth of pigs. In general, the suitable temperature of newborn piglets was set at 32 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ at 3 days old and 28 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ at 4 days old. Strictly controlled in this temperature range, too high and too low will not be conducive to the growth of piglets. Studies have confirmed that poor ventilation and inadequate temperature control are important reasons for poor growth and development of piglets and stiff pigs.

High-bed litter and online breeding

Give birth to babies in a high bed. Traditional sows give birth to more closed ground pig beds, and there are no necessary measures for heat preservation and cold protection, let alone guardrail that restricts sows' movement. therefore, most piglets die because of poor environment, or are trampled to death or crushed to death due to slow movement of sows. The use of a high bed to give birth can largely slow down the occurrence of this problem. The net bed is equipped with a protective rack, the bottom of which is a lying area for sows, and both sides of the fence are net beds for piglets, with one side for piglets to lie down. the net bed is also equipped with sow food trough, piglet automatic feeding box and water fountain, and the room is also equipped with infrared light, ground heating, ventilator, etc., to ensure that sows and piglets have a good living environment.

Online breeding of piglets. Online breeding of piglets has been widely used in recent years, a variety of materials have emerged, and the breeding effect is not the same. Comparatively speaking, the effect of steel bar welded mesh and steel bar braided mesh is better. Each cultivation column is equipped with an automatic metal feeding box and an automatic drinking fountain. Weaning piggery is a windowed closed pigsty with a wide dung ditch, 2 meters long and 0.8 meters deep, regularly cleaned and equipped with a ventilator. When the weather is cold, the windows are insulated with plastic film and earth heaters are installed for heating.