Seven measures for tree restoration after flood and waterlogging

July and August are the second flower bud differentiation and fruit expansion period of apple trees, and recently, due to heavy rainfall, some fruit areas across the country have formed disasters. How to remedy after orchard encounters heavy rainfall attack.

I. Washing leaves and supporting trees. Fruit trees without branches and leaves are soaked in water. When the rain stops and the water recedes, seize time to remove impurities, and use flood water to wash contaminated branches and leaves to reduce mud stains. After the flood recedes completely, the washed fruit trees are righted, cultivated and protected, and then the residual stains on the branches and leaves are sprayed with clean water again, so that the leaves can carry out normal physiological activities.

II. Clear ditches and shallow tillage. The waterlogged orchards should be cleaned and dredged in time, drained of waterlogging, so as to restore the soil to dryness and avoid dead roots and rotten roots caused by accumulated water in orchards. At the same time, flooded orchards are prone to soil hardening, resulting in root system hypoxia. Shallow tillage and loosening should be carried out under the condition that the surface soil is basically dry. Shallow tillage should not exceed 10 cm, so as not to damage the roots, so as to restore the permeability of the soil and promote the development of new roots.

Moderate topdressing flooded orchards should not be fertilized immediately, because the roots will have different degrees of damage at this time, and there are certain restrictions on the absorption of nutrients. Fruit growers can supplement nutrition by spraying foliar fertilizer after tree vigor recovery, and foliar fertilizer is best to be based on organic nutrition. Li Bingzhi reminded that the frequency of soil topdressing quick-acting fertilizer should be judged according to disaster conditions and tree potential. Generally, it can be applied 2~3 times.

IV. Tree pruning Li Bingzhi said that in order to reduce the evaporation of water from branches and leaves of fruit trees after disasters and the nutrient consumption of trees, the affected orchards should be controlled from above and promoted from below to maintain the growth balance between the aboveground and underground parts. At the same time, fruit growers should pay attention to the amount of pruning according to the degree of damage, in addition to heavy pruning of the affected trees, but also part or all of the fruit should be picked.

5. Timely spraying to prevent and control diseases. Focus on preventing and controlling diseases caused by high temperature and wet weather and various physiological diseases caused by waterlogging. Such as a variety of fruit anthracnose, banana leaf spot disease, litchi longan downy mildew, orange canker disease, grape downy mildew and black pox disease.

6. Timely harvest fruits entering the mature period, choose cloudy and sunny days to harvest in time to reduce losses.

VII. Do a good job in flood prevention. For orchards with high groundwater level or low-lying terrain, it is necessary to form a deep ditch and high ridge cultivation mode, and make use of orchard ditches, middle furrows and furrows to achieve ditch communication and form a waterlogging prevention system. For flat orchards, we should step up the repair and reinforcement of drainage ditch system to ensure perfect smoothness. For mountain orchards, the protective ditches around the orchards should be repaired, deepened and reinforced, and the protective ditches at the top should be used as flood collection ditches, and the protective ditches on both sides should be used as flood discharge ditches to ensure the safety of fruit trees during flood season.