Techniques for promoting High yield of Peanut in later stage

1. Timely drainage and irrigation. In the full fruit ripening period, the water consumption of plants decreases sharply and the water absorption capacity of roots weakens. If there is too much autumn rain and poor drainage at this time, it will cause root rot, stem and branch decay and fruit rot. Therefore, attention should be paid to the timely elimination of stagnant water. In addition, although the plant consumed less water in this period, the root system was easy to decay in the event of drought, which caused the top leaf to fall off, and the stem and branch declined immediately, resulting in a reduction in yield. Therefore, it is still necessary to irrigate in time in times of drought.

two。 Control the tree and increase the fruit. The podding period is the most exuberant period of peanut growth, and it is also the peak period of fertilizer and water demand. The lack of water and fertilizer will affect the plant growth process and pod fullness. However, the good foundation of soil fertility and the fierce attack of fertilizer and water at the flowering stage can also cause the plants to grow too long and seal the rows prematurely, resulting in closure in the field, high hanging of fruit needles and unfruitful needles and not enough fruit. Therefore, when the average length of the first pair of lateral branches is more than 10 cm, chemical control agents should be sprayed on the leaves in time when the height of the main stem is 35-40 cm, the first pair of lateral branches are 8-10 nodes and the average length is more than 10 cm 30-50 days after initial flowering.

3. Spray fertilizer on the leaves. After the podding stage, the root absorptive capacity of peanut weakened, the main nutrients of stems and leaves failed to make ends meet, and the leaves at the base of stem branches gradually fell off. before harvest, each stem branch had only 4-6 top leaves, which was the basis for maintaining the vitality of the whole plant and carrying out photosynthesis. In order to enhance the leaf vigor and prolong the functional period, foliar fertilizer should be sprayed every 7-10 days for a total of 2-3 times. Each time 500 grams of urea per mu, 100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diluted with 50 kilograms of water and sprayed.

4. Prevent diseases and insects. There are mainly leaf spot, rust, cotton bollworm, aphids, grubs and other diseases and insect pests. Leaf spot disease should be sprayed every 10-15 days for 3 times. Rust begins to be sprayed every 10-15 days for 2 times. The commonly used agents are 1500 times of methyl topiramate wettable powder, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, 30% green EC and 500 times 600 times of EC. Pests should be treated early.

5. Harvest at the right time. It is particularly important to determine the suitable harvest time of peanuts. Generally speaking, we can judge whether the peanuts have reached the harvest time from the following three aspects: first, look at the growth period. The growth period of common peanut varieties is about 125 days. Look at the temperature. When the average temperature of day and night is below 12 ℃, the plant basically stops growing and can be harvested at this time. Look at the plant. Under normal circumstances, when the peanut enters the late fruiting stage, most of the nutrients in the plant have been transported to the pod, and the plant shows a state of senescence, that is, the top stops growing, the upper leaves turn yellow, and the basal and middle leaves fall off. at this time, most pods are full and can be harvested.

Jia Youjiang, Agricultural Bureau of Juancheng County, Shandong Province