Vegetable management and prevention of waterlogging and drought in autumn

The early autumn is in a high temperature and rainy season, and sunburn and flood often occur, which have a great impact on vegetable production. Therefore, vegetable farmers should take measures to prevent burning and waterlogging. In the late autumn, high temperature and little rain, the high temperature and dry season is easy to make vegetables aging, affecting the normal growth and quality of vegetables. Therefore, we should pay attention to prevent drought when growing vegetables, and we can start from the selection of varieties and rational use of management measures. Reduce the harm of drought to vegetables.

? Prevent sunburn. 1. In the high temperature season in summer and autumn, sunshade net should be used to reduce the temperature in the greenhouse and avoid direct sunlight, and the temperature in the greenhouse should be cooled in time. If the temperature in the greenhouse is too high, it should be irrigated properly to replenish soil moisture and prevent the increase of plant temperature. Sunburn occurs when the fruit loses water. two。 Pay attention to reasonable close planting, so that the stems and leaves cover each other to avoid direct sunlight on the fruit. 3. After diseased fruit is found, it should be removed in time. 4. In the process of growth, trace elements should be supplemented in time to improve the stress resistance of crops. 5. Spraying 6000 times of natural brassin-Shuofeng 481in high temperature season has a certain effect on the prevention and treatment of sunburn.

? Waterlogging prevention. 1. Drain and remove stains in time. Prevent plant death caused by stagnant water and waterlogging. two。 Ploughing in time. When it can go to the ground, ploughing and loosening the soil in time, breaking the consolidation, improving the soil permeability and promoting the development of root system. 3. Dressing up in time. It is better to top up with quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer and mature organic fertilizer solution, and pay attention to less application; 0.3%-0.5% urea solution, 2% superphosphate leaching solution, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and foliar fertilizers such as Fushibao and amino acids can also be used as foliar spraying to promote the plant to return to normal growth and development as soon as possible and increase vegetable yield. 4. Timely prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. After the waterlogging, the field has high temperature and humidity, which is suitable for the occurrence of many kinds of diseases and insect pests and should be investigated and treated in time. 5. Change to other crops in time. For fields that have no harvest due to waterlogging, it is necessary to timely discharge waterlogging and dark stains, seize the season, and rush to plant fast-growing vegetables or small miscellaneous grains such as mung beans and adzuki beans, so as to make up for disaster losses to the maximum extent. 6. Strengthen the construction of water conservancy facilities and make rational use of water.

? Drought prevention. During the drought period in late autumn, attention should be paid to the construction of water conservancy facilities and the construction of small reservoirs to improve the drought resistance of vegetable production bases. For the land with irrigation conditions, we should make full use of the existing water sources, drought-resistant appliances and facilities, adopt water-saving irrigation techniques such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, carry out scientific irrigation, strictly prohibit flood irrigation and save water. Arrange water resources scientifically and rationally to ensure the water demand of some key vegetables and key periods.

We should start from the following three aspects:

Choose drought-resistant varieties. At this time, leafy vegetables, legumes, melons and other vegetables planted in autumn are all varieties with strong drought resistance, which should be selected carefully. Varieties with strong drought resistance can generally prolong the time of drought resistance, and can quickly return to normal growth through irrigation under the condition of short water shortage. In dry plots with little water, reduce the planting area of vegetables with large water demand.

Cover the border properly. Summer vegetables in open field without border mulching cultivation should be covered with straw in time in order to store water and preserve moisture, reduce water and nutrient consumption and promote growth. Farmers who use greenhouse or shed production can cover the sunshade net to reduce the direct sunlight, reduce the temperature, reduce water evaporation and ensure the normal growth of vegetables.

Strengthen the construction of water conservancy facilities and make rational use of water. Attention should be paid to the construction of water conservancy facilities and the construction of small reservoirs to improve the drought resistance of vegetable production bases. For the land with irrigation conditions, we should make full use of the existing water sources, drought-resistant appliances and facilities, adopt water-saving irrigation techniques such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, carry out scientific irrigation, strictly prohibit flood irrigation and save water. Arrange water resources scientifically and rationally to ensure the water demand of some key vegetables and key periods.