Cultivation techniques of Coprinus comatus in greenhouse in Autumn and Winter

I. cultivation forms

The cultivation material of Coprinus comatus was fermented in late August, inoculated in early September, cultivated in the shed in late October, harvested in the middle of November, inoculated in the second stubble in late November, prepared for the second stubble in mid-December, the first stubble in the first ten days of January, the first ten days in January, the second stubble in late January and the end of April.

II. Cultivation formula

The following four formulations can be selected according to the specific conditions of local raw materials, all of which can achieve the corresponding production effect.

1. 100 kg of cottonseed husk, 2 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 0.5 kg of urea, 2 kg of lime and 160 kg of water.

2. 100 kg corncob, 1 kg diammonium phosphate, 3.5 kg lime and 150 kg water.

3. 80 kg of corn straw powder, 20 kg of horse manure powder, 1 kg of urea, 2 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 3 kg of lime and 150 kg of water.

4. 60 kg of cotton firewood, 30 kg of corncob, 10 kg of dry horse dung, 1 kg of urea, 2 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 4 kg of lime, 4 kg of lime, 150 kg of water

3. Fermentation of culture materials

First, the raw materials are fully pre-wet and piled up and fermented, each pile is not less than 3 cubic meters. When the temperature reaches 60 ℃ 65 ℃, the heap will be turned after 12 hours, and then the heap will be heated to 60 Murray 65 min for 12 hours. The heap will be turned 3 times in total. The fermented material is dark brown, fermented, odorless, ammonia-free, ph (pH) 7 Mueller 8, water content 60% Mueller 65%. After the fermentation, cool and prepare to be bagged and inoculated.

IV. Vaccination in bags

The film bag for sending bacteria is 24 cm in diameter and 35 cm in length, and the strain is broken into the size of a red jujube. 4 pieces of bacteria are inoculated at both ends of the bag, that is, 4 bacteria are connected at both ends of the bag, and five bacteria are installed every 12 cm in the middle. A total of 4 layers are inoculated. After loading the culture bag, the bag is held in the middle of the bag without drooping at both ends. After the bag is packed, it is penetrated from both ends of the bag with a pointed stick with a diameter of 3 cm to facilitate air permeability and oxygen supply. The amount of bacteria used as dry material is 15murf. 20%.

Fifth, send bacteria

After packing, the bacterial bag is placed indoors, with two layers and one stack when the room temperature is high, and four layers with a  temperature of? 0cm when the room temperature is low, in order to dissipate heat and prevent the mycelium from burning when the temperature rises. When sending bacteria, the material temperature should be controlled at 22 ℃, and the indoor air relative humidity should be about 60%. During the germicidal period, pay attention to observe the temperature change, when the material temperature is high, it should turn over the stack, dissipate heat and cool down, in order to facilitate the uniform distribution of bacteria.

VI. Soil mulching cultivation

The mycelium grows all over the bag for 20 days, and the bacteria can be cultivated in the shed for another 5 days. The method is as follows: take off the bag, row the two bags horizontally, add a vertical rod in the middle, and make the border between the north and the south, and it is appropriate to put 85 colors and 90 sticks in each border. Then bury the stick tightly with soil, and cover the upper part with a mixture of thick and fine soil 3murmur5cm (loam is suitable for burying the rod). The covered soil was mixed with 2% lime before use, sprayed with appropriate amount of trichlorfon and formaldehyde solution, and covered with film and buried for 24 Murray for 48 hours to sterilize and kill insects. At the same time, adjust the humidity and ph (7 murmur8), after dispelling the smell of the medicine, it can be used.

7. Management of mushroom production

The mushroom began to come out 20 days after the bacteria stick was put into the shed and covered with soil. Before that, the temperature in the shed was maintained at 16 ℃. Under the appropriate humidity management, the biological conversion rate was 141 Murray 152%, that is, 1 kg culture material could produce about 1.5 kg of Coprinus comatus, while when the temperature was higher than 25 ℃, the biological efficiency was only 80%. In addition, there should be sufficient oxygen and suitable lighting conditions in the shed.

VIII. Harvest

The fruiting body of Coprinus comatus grew up after 8 days, and should be harvested in time before the lid was opened. Otherwise, the black spores released from Coprinus comatus after maturing and opening umbrella can make its fruiting body produce autolysis, which will greatly reduce the commercial value of Coprinus comatus.

9. Management of Pleurotus ostreatus

After picking Pleurotus ostreatus, clean up the mushroom root and dead mushroom on the border, cover the fertile soil, spray water on the border, carry out the two-tide mushroom according to the normal management, and then the management of the third and fourth tide mushroom is the same as above. Coprinus comatus can be harvested in one production period.

Disease and pest control

Coprinus comatus has a strong ability to resist miscellaneous bacteria, and generally does not need to be sterilized with drugs, but only use trichlorfon and formaldehyde solution to kill miscellaneous bacteria and eggs in the soil before covering the soil.