Key points of cultivation techniques of Coprinus comatus

Coprinus comatus is a kind of edible fungus with medium temperature and high temperature. The optimum temperature for fruiting body growth and development is 16-24 ℃. In nature, the fruit body can grow when the temperature reaches 10 ℃, so it can be cultivated from March to October every year.

I. temperature management

The temperature of spore germination of Coprinus comatus was 22-26 ℃, and the optimum temperature was 24 ℃. The temperature range of mycelium growth was 3-35 ℃, and the optimum growth temperature was 24-28 ℃. The mycelium did not freeze to death at-10 ℃, but grew slowly, stopped growing above 35 ℃, aged rapidly, became black by autolysis, and withered and died when it reached 40 ℃. Therefore, the natural temperature of the mushroom period should be controlled between 10-28 ℃. If you encounter high or low temperature weather, you must do a good job of cooling or heating up.

2. Water management technology

After the bed is covered with soil, the moisture of the soil layer should be gradually adjusted within 2-3 days, and the water content is about 18%. The standard is that the soil particles have no white core, hold in their hands, touch the ground and disperse, and it is appropriate not to stick their hands, so that the hyphae can quickly extend into the soil layer and grow in the soil layer. Combined with temperature, soil water content and mycelium growth, the method of light spraying was used to replenish water to keep the soil layer moist. After about 10-15 days, after a large number of bed fruiting body primordia are formed, the amount of spraying water should also be gradually increased to meet the water needs of fruiting body growth and development. With the growth and expansion of the fruiting body, the amount of water sprayed per square meter should reach 2000-2500 ml per day. After the end of the first tide of mushrooms, the water was stopped for 2-3 days to restore the growth of mycelium, and after the next tide of mushrooms grew, the amount of water spraying was gradually increased and managed over and over again. The principles of water management can be summarized as follows: "spray mushroom water should be more, mushroom water should be stable, tide water should be heavy, maintenance water should be replenished, and air and water should be diligent." Spray moisturizing should be repeated, a small amount, try not to accumulate water droplets on the fruiting body. During the growth period, the water content of the culture medium was 60%, 50%, 70%, 65%, and the optimum water content was 65%. The relative humidity of the air remains at 80%.

III. Ventilation management

Coprinus comatus is also a kind of aerobic bacteria, breathing in physiological activities is also very exuberant, absorbing oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide. The ventilation management of Coprinus comatus is different from that of other mushrooms, and the ventilation rate should not be too strong, otherwise, the scales on the surface of the mushroom will increase obviously, which will affect the appearance of the goods. When spraying water on the bed, there must be great ventilation. After spraying water, you can't rush to close the doors and windows. You should wait for at least 1 hour or so before closing and covering the film. When the temperature is high, the doors and windows of the mushroom house, the greenhouse or the two ends of the small arch shed should be ventilated after hanging wet grass curtains, so as to keep a high environmental humidity in the mushroom room as far as possible. In cloudy and rainy days, the air humidity is high, so the ventilation time can be extended appropriately. The general principle is not only to keep the air fresh and sufficient oxygen in the mushroom, but also to prevent drastic changes in the microclimate environment in a short period of time. The small environment is in a relatively stable state, which is beneficial to the normal growth and development of the fruiting body.

IV. Pest control measures

The sunshade is enclosed with an anti-insect net to prevent all kinds of insects from entering.

Fifth, set up a sunshade

Strong light irradiation can inhibit the growth of mycelium and accelerate the aging of mycelium. Avoid direct sunlight and set up a shade in summer. Build a sunshade 2.5 to 3 meters above the cultivated field, requiring the sunshade to be airtight and opaque. The shed is covered with plastic film to avoid dripping into Rain Water. A layer of sunshade net should be covered above, and the edge of the sunshade should be 3 meters higher than that around the cultivated field, so that the sunlight from 9 to 16:00 can not direct into the bacterial bed. The air relative humidity under the sunshade should not be too high, the highest in the middle is 95%, and the peripheral relative humidity can be kept at about 75%.