There are skills for high yield of balsam pear in midsummer.

"in the process of growing balsam pear, water and fertilizer should be sufficient in order to produce more melons. In sunny days, the sun is fierce and water evaporates quickly, so it is necessary to sprinkle water in time to avoid wilting by drought and affect plant growth and development and flowering and fruiting. In the period of high yield, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should also be replenished when replenishing water. " On August 1, at the balsam pear planting base in Xianyan Village, Ma'an Town, Yilong County, Wang Daiyong, a senior agricultural technician from the County Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau, explained to the villagers the high-yield field management skills of balsam pear in dog days.

Carry out ploughing in time

Balsam pear field open land, surrounding ridges, ditches are not allowed to have grass, balsam pear from the seedling stage, that is, timely ploughing, weeding and soil cultivation, in order to prevent melon head soil consolidation. Generally, after planting and watering slow seedlings, the first intertillage will be carried out when the topsoil is slightly dry and not sticky. If the soil is too dry or windy, it can be rewatered and then ploughed again. The second intertillage can be carried out 15 days after the first intertillage. This time, attention should be paid to protecting the new roots, which should be shallow rather than deep. Each ploughing can be combined with the application of some high-quality farm fertilizer, such as cake fertilizer, all kinds of poultry feathers and rotten chicken manure, pig manure and so on. After setting up the frame, when the melon vine extends to more than 50 centimeters, the root system is basically covered with the whole row, so it is generally no longer suitable for ploughing. However, attention should be paid to timely pulling out weeds and preventing weeds from growing, so as to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the field and reduce the harm of diseases and insect pests. In the first ploughing, if a lack of seedlings or weak diseased seedlings are found, they should be replanted in time to preserve the seedlings. At the same time, we should do a good job of plant finishing, and timely remove the old, yellow and diseased leaves in the lower part of the shed, as well as the branches hanging to the lower part of the melon. If possible, branches without melons or female flowers in the upper part should also be removed. If you are sick, the insects and fruits should also be removed in time. All picked leaves, branches and fruits should be bagged and destroyed.

Promote flowers as much as possible

Regular small amount of spraying "flowering essence", "Chuoguoling", "spraying Shibao", "amino acid", aloe, borax, dipotassium phosphate, calcium nitrate and other agents.

Fertilizer and water management

Balsam pear has many rounds, has a long harvest time and consumes a large amount of water and fertilizer in its life. Therefore, fertilizer and water management is an important guarantee for high yield.

In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, topdressing is generally applied when vines, blossoms and fruits are reapplied. The first topdressing is about 7 days after planting, 10% concentration of mature human feces and urine or 0.5% compound fertilizer and water can be applied, and then applied every 5 times every 7 days, the concentration will gradually increase, and when it blossoms and bears fruit, the concentration of human feces and urine can be increased to about 30%. During the flowering and fruiting period, it is necessary to topdressing 2Mel three times of heavy fertilizer to prolong its harvest period. Generally, at the beginning of flowering, 30 kg of cake fertilizer, 20 kg of compound fertilizer and 10 kg of urea are used per mu. After the first harvest, 20 kg of cake fertilizer and 20 kg of compound fertilizer are applied again, and for each subsequent harvest, 30% of human feces and urine or 10 kg of 15 kg compound fertilizer is applied. Topdressing also depends on the weather and leaf color, flexible control, increase or decrease as appropriate.

Control of diseases and insect pests

Balsam pear often suffer from nematode disease, Fusarium wilt (grafting seedlings are generally not affected), powdery mildew, blight, anthrax and so on. The main pests are melon fruit flies and aphids.

Powdery mildew: during the flowering and fruiting period, the leaves are covered with white powdery matter, which makes the leaves lose green and yellowing, resulting in premature senescence of the plant. Prevention and control method: when there is a white powder on the leaf, it should be sprayed with cyanobacterazole solution, trifoliate solution, Cuibei solution, or sulfur suspension solution every 10 days, continuously spraying 2 times, paying attention to the amount of water in the medicine must be large.

Epidemic disease: on the leaves, it starts from the leaf tip or leaf edge, the shape of the disease spot is irregular, the periphery is not obvious, the initial dark green, water stains, and then turn brown. The disease spot can expand to the whole or more than half of the leaves, and when it is wet, a circle of white mildew grows at the junction of the disease spot. Control agents: chlorothalonil, Bengke, Bordeaux solution, Nongliling, Anke, Sixian morpholine, ethyl phosphate aluminum, disinfectant alum or Jinreidi spray, diseased leaves removed and taken away for destruction.

Borer: use triazophos, insecticidal order, Shachongshuang, Ruijin special spray.

Aphids: imidacloprid, acetamiprid, avermectin spray.

Melon fruit fly: with the larva into the young melon, make the young melon deformed, and change color ahead of time, and then rot and deteriorate, but also emit a foul smell. Control method: in the young melon stage, spray the young melon with Regent water solution, or farmland happy water solution, or kung fu water solution for 3 times, once every 5 days, and remove the deformed fruit in time, burn it or bury it deeply outside the garden.