Efficient cultivation techniques of Strawberry in greenhouse

First, land selection and fertilization.

Sandy soil with good permeability, convenient drainage and irrigation and fertile soil should be selected. Before planting, the soil will be turned over 30 cm deep, and 3000-5000 kg of rotten farm manure will be applied per mu.

Second, seed selection and planting.

Strawberries in greenhouse should choose varieties with short dormancy period and early flowering and fruiting in winter. In order to ensure survival and high yield after planting, seedlings with disease-free and pest-free, thick and short stems, short petioles and more than 4-6 normal leaves should be selected and transplanted in cloudy or sunny afternoon. In order to reduce foliar evaporation, cut off too many leaves before planting, leaving only 3-4 heart leaves per plant. It is generally planted from mid-September to early October, matures in early February and ends at the end of June. If the temperature is high too early, the survival rate of seedlings is easy to be affected, and the yield is unstable too late. The row spacing is 15 cm × 30 cm, and 8000-10000 plants are planted per mu. At the same time, the seedlings should be planted with water, and the soil should be irrigated once in the next 2-3 days, and the soil should be kept moist to improve the survival rate.

Third, cover plastic film and buckle shed at the right time.

Plastic film mulching can prevent the soil from contaminating the fruit after rain and improve the commercial value of fresh fruit. At the same time, it can reduce the humidity in the field, reduce the disease and reduce the loss of diseased fruit and rotten fruit. The time of plastic film mulching should be in the first ten days of November, and it should be covered when the daytime temperature is lower than 20 ℃. In order to prevent the growth of weeds, opaque black plastic film can be used to cover. To choose a sunny day to spread the plastic film on the seedling, press the seedling opening, lift the seedling to the top of the plastic film, and seal the mouth with the bottom of the plant with fine soil. When the night temperature drops to about 10 ℃ (about late October), buckle the shed in time. At the initial stage, the greenhouse temperature was controlled at 25-30 ℃ in daytime and more than 10 ℃ at night. After budding, the greenhouse temperature was about 25 ℃, not more than 30 ℃, and from flowering to fruit ripening, the greenhouse temperature was 20-25 ℃ in daytime and above 5 ℃ at night. After December, when the night temperature drops below 5 ℃, the greenhouse film should be buckled in time. When the lowest temperature in the greenhouse film is lower than 3 ℃, the straw curtain, straw curtain and greenhouse film will be opened at 8-9 am and covered from 16 pm to 17:00 every day.

Fourth, auxiliary pollination at flowering stage.

In order to improve the quality and yield of strawberries and reduce abnormal fruits, bees must be pollinated or artificially pollinated. Put bees in the shed, generally 2 boxes per mu. Artificial pollination can be done one by one with a small brush every morning from 9 to 10:00 to increase the rate of fruit setting. In addition, diseased fruits, old leaves, diseased residual leaves and redundant lateral buds and stolons should be removed frequently to reduce nutrient consumption and increase the weight of a single fruit.

Fifth, pest prevention and control.

The main diseases are Botrytis cinerea and powdery mildew. The main pests are aphids, red spiders and so on. Imidacloprid, pyridaben and avermectin can be used to control aphids and red spiders to reduce the humidity in the greenhouse and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Chitin drugs were sprayed to control the occurrence of diseases. Shen Xiangjun