Breeding techniques of donkeys

At present, the main reproductive techniques used are: estrus identification, estrus synchronization, artificial insemination, natural mating, pregnancy diagnosis and so on.

Identification of estrus

The donkey has a long period of estrus, so it is necessary to check estrus and ovulation in order to ensure timely mating time, reduce the number of mating times and improve the conception rate of female donkeys. The methods of estrus identification were external observation, estrus test, vaginal examination and rectal examination. Rectal examination is usually focused on the basis of external observation.

Second, simultaneous estrus

The method of synchronizing the estrous cycle of female donkeys is called synchronous estrus or synchronous estrus. The estrus synchronization technique mainly uses hormone drugs to change the law of the natural estrous cycle, so as to adjust and unify the process of the estrous cycle, so that the group female donkeys concentrate estrus and ovulation within a specified period of time.

III. Artificial insemination

The procedure of artificial insemination includes rectal examination, semen collection, semen dilution, insemination and so on. The whole work requires technicians to operate skillfully, to do strict disinfection, careful operation, and accurate configuration of diluent and drug solution.

4. Natural mating

During natural mating, the male donkey approaches the female donkey in estrus, produces sexual impulses, appears courtship and erectile reflex, climbs across the female donkey, inserts the penis into the female donkey's vagina after several twitches, ejaculates in about 0.8 minutes, and some male donkeys last more than 1 minute. The mating time is usually between 1 and 1.5 minutes. The cervix of the female donkey in estrus is open, and the cervical canal can hold 2 or 3 fingers in estrus. The male donkey's penis is fully erect, the dilated glans are pushed into the vaginal fornix, and the urethral protuberance is inserted into the cervix. The twitching of the penis creates negative pressure on the cervix, and semen is inhaled into the cervix or uterus during ejaculation. Due to the long estrus period of the female donkey, it is difficult to grasp the mating time, but the male donkey sperm can maintain the fertilization ability in the female donkey's genitals for as long as 3-5 days, so the conception rate of the female donkey will not be affected by mating every other day.

V. diagnosis of pregnancy

Donkey pregnancy examination should be about 18 days after insemination, the first pregnancy examination, can prevent recessive estrus empty false estrus artificial abortion. Pregnancy examination often uses external observation, vaginal examination, rectal examination and other three methods. ① external check. That is, through the naked eye to observe the external performance of the female donkey to judge whether it is pregnant or not. ② vaginal examination. That is, to judge pregnancy by examining the condition of vaginal mucosa and cervix. ③ rectal examination. Like estrus identification, pregnancy is judged by rectal examination of the ovary and uterus.