Management technology of black-bone chicken brooding

Black-bone fowl (Gallus gallus domestichusBrisson) is a kind of domestic chicken belonging to the family Phaeidae and Ornidae. It is commonly known as black chicken with the characteristics of black-bone black meat. It is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine which is famous both at home and abroad as an ornamental pearl and nourishes the kidney and helps yang qi. Whether it is silk-feather black-bone chicken or Ma-feather black-bone chicken, its precious lies in that it contains a large amount of melanin and more than 20 kinds of amino acids, lipids, vitamins, carotenes and trace elements needed by the human body, which has a strong nourishing effect on the elderly and women. it is not only a breed in short supply in the consumer market, but also an indispensable breeding project for the rural breeding industry. Black-bone chickens mainly master the following links during the feeding period.

1. The preparation before brooding is mainly the selection and disinfection of breeding grounds, spraying the ground with 5% caustic soda, diluting night spraying utensils, feeding troughs, drinking fountains, padding and other utensils with bleach. The second is to prepare feed, buy full-price feed or prepare full-price feed yourself. The matching method of full-price feed should be serious. Choose high-quality millet or crushed corn dregs, soak in clean water for 6-8 hours, steam in the top drawer for 20 minutes to dry, add cooked egg yolk (3-5 eggs for every 100), rub well with hands, feed to 4-day-old learn to eat, change to full-price nutritious pellet feed, full-price feed formula is: corn 52%, peanut cake 10%, wheat bran 4% sorghum 4%, barley 4%. Fish meal 8%, bean cake 12%, locust leaf meal 3%, bone meal 2.5%, salt 0.37%, multi-trace elements 0.5%, multi-vitamin 0.005%, inconvenient to match feed, you can buy layer chicks prepared by feed companies instead.

two。 Drinking water: the method of drinking water for chicks is simple. The method of drinking water is basically soaked when wet feeding, drinking water is very little, while drinking water is used more when feeding dry feed. Each black bone needs 10-20 milliliters of clean drinking water every day, the first time drinking water is earlier than the feeding time, and it is necessary to add gray manganese oxide PP powder, also known as potassium permanganate, per thousand milliliters. Then dilute it into a pink liquid like spinach root visible to the naked eye, and each drinking water should be cashed. The diluent is easy to oxidize for a long time, drink once a day for 3 days, and change to clean, pollution-free groundwater or tap water.

3. Feeding: the first feeding begins within 36 hours after coming out of the shell (the earlier the better). First, it is sprinkled on the back of the chicks to peck each other and eat the church food, then put the plastic sheeting in the middle of the feeding cage, put the feed on the heap, and let the chicks feed freely. When they learn to feed after 3 days of age, they will be fed in a trough 6-8 times a day for 2 weeks and 4-6 times a day after 3 weeks of age.

4. Temperature control

Temperature control is a key measure, depending on the adoption of heating conditions and facilities, the air conditioner is simple and often observed, fire Kang, fire wall or insulation umbrella, plastic shed and other methods, we should pay attention to the maximum temperature, 1-3-day-old 32-34 degrees, 4-7 days 30-32 degrees, 2 Zhouling 28-30 degrees, 3 Zhouling 25-28 degrees, 4 Zhouling 25 degrees, and then tend to the natural temperature. Usually to observe the gathering of chickens, the surrounding temperature is suitable to disperse evenly, free to eat jumping chase. When the temperature is low, it will gather and squeeze.

5. Humidity requirements:

The humidity in nature is less than 50% in spring and autumn, 70% in hot and humid summer, and 80% in winter. The actual moisture content in the feeding house should be measured with a dry and wet meter, which should be adjusted to 55%, 65%.

6. Light control: light can promote the black chicken to grow fast, and the full light is weak within 24 hours after the chicken comes out of the shell, 23 hours after 3 days old, 16 hours after 7 days old, and 12 hours gradually changed to natural light in the second week. The light intensity is 10-12 lux, with a 40-watt bulb at a height of 2 meters above the ground, with an average of 1.5-2 watts per square meter.

7. Density: density refers to the number of chicks raised in a plane. Only 60 chicks can be raised in a cage per square meter. 50 chicks per square meter should be evenly caged for one week, 40 chicks per square meter for 3 weeks, 30 chicks for 4 weeks and 25 chickens for 5 weeks.

8. Timely beak breaking: although the black-bone chicken is small in size, the pecking power of the beak can also harm the skin. Attention should be paid in breeding to prevent the occurrence of pecking fetish. it is best to cut off the beak at the age of 7-10 days, cutting the length from the tip of the beak to the length of the nostril, cutting off 1/3 of the lower beak, and then using a soldering iron to stop bleeding, or with a semi-automatic beak cutter.

9. Vaccination:

The formulation of appropriate immunization procedure is the foundation of disease prevention. Marek vaccine should be vaccinated within 24 hours after coming out of the shell at 1-day old, Newcastle disease transmission vaccine at 7 days old, bursa vaccine at 10 days old, repeated vaccination at 4 weeks old and throat vaccine at 40 days old.