Key points of High-yield cultivation techniques of Chinese Cabbage

First, select good varieties and avoid continuous cropping. The hybrid generation of disease resistance, moisture tolerance and high yield of Chinese cabbage should be selected, such as Fengkang series, Yuxin No. 1, No. 2, No. 6, Tokyo No. 5, Xinxiang Xiaobao 23, Xinxiang 90-3, Zhongbao 75, Jincai 3 and so on. At the same time, it should avoid continuous cropping with cruciferous vegetables; it can be rotated with onions and garlic, melons and beans, eggplant fruits and food crops. Second, toss stubble for soil preparation and apply sufficient base fertilizer. Chinese cabbage has shallow roots and high requirements for soil water and fertilizer, so it is necessary to strive for early stubble and early ploughing. Generally, about 15 days before sowing, the depth is about 20 cm, and the soil is loosened to be sown by sterilizing and killing eggs in the sun. Chinese cabbage is a vegetable that needs a lot of fertilizer, and it is necessary to have sufficient base fertilizer to meet the needs of its growth and development. Therefore, it is generally necessary to apply 3000 kg of rotten organic fertilizer or 500kg of high-quality commercial organic fertilizer per mu during soil preparation.

Third, seed sterilization and timely sowing. Before sowing, the seeds were treated with Dysen zinc or thiram, and the seeds were sterilized and disinfected, and the dosage was 0.4% of the seed amount. As the high temperature is easy to cause the occurrence of Chinese cabbage virus disease, the sowing date should be postponed in Laizhou, and the seeds can be sown on August 15-20 (the End of Heat). It can not only avoid viral diseases, but also ensure the timely care of Chinese cabbage. The sowing method is strip sowing or strip-on-demand. In order to prevent the drying of the soil surface and the burning of the seedlings after emergence, the seedlings can be covered after sowing, and the thickness of the cover is about 3 cm.

Fourth, master the density and determine the seedlings. The planting density of Chinese cabbage is 3200 plants per mu for early maturing varieties and 2300-2400 plants per mu for middle and late maturing varieties. The determination of seedlings should be carried out in time to prevent seedling crowding and promote robust growth. The seedlings are generally carried out in stages, for the first time, the seedlings that emerge too late, the inferior seedlings with abnormal cotyledon shape and the inferior seedlings that fall to the ground are eliminated when the cross is pulled, and the second time is carried out when the seedlings have 4-5 true leaves, and the strip seeder is 10 cm apart from the plant. the seedlings with strong growth and characteristics of this product were selected to remove miscellaneous seedlings and diseased seedlings. When the seedlings grew for 20-26 days and entered the cluster stage, the seedlings were planted according to the predetermined plant spacing.

Fifth, strengthen the field management and control the fertilizer and water. In the seedling stage, the small water is frequently irrigated to keep the moisture and cool down; in the rosette stage, the drought is not dry, so as to squat the seedlings properly and promote the root system to be deeply rooted. At the initial stage of the rosette, 15 kg of urea was applied per mu, and the soil was covered and watered. At the end of rosette and the early stage of Baoxin, 20-25 kg potassium compound fertilizer per mu should be applied, and attention should be paid to proper control of moisture. Careful spraying should be done before ridge sealing to eliminate aphids and cabbage insects, and control downy mildew and soft rot. During the wrapping period, chemical fertilizer can be applied for 2-3 times; in the later stage, it is necessary to control water, and pay close attention to drainage in real time to facilitate harvest. The vegetables were bundled before frost and harvested and stored in time when the temperature dropped to 0 ℃.

Sixth, control diseases and insect pests and win high yield. Focus on the prevention of aphids in the seedling stage, and control pesticides such as cabbage borer, cabbage worm, Plutella xylostella, Plutella xylostella and so on. The rosette period focuses on the prevention and control of downy mildew and soft rot. Downy mildew can be prevented by antidote alum and Jinlei. From rosette to pericardium, it is extremely vulnerable to soft rot and can be prevented by agricultural streptomycin or copper oleate. Bai Xianhua