Feeding and fattening techniques of meat donkeys

Raising donkeys is a traditional project in our country. In the past, donkey breeding was mainly for the purpose of slavery. In recent years, with the reform and opening up and the in-depth development of market economy, donkey breeding and donkey breeding have become the main content of donkey breeding industry. Raising meat donkeys is a new project of farmers 'family breeding in recent years. Because breed of thoroughbred flesh donkey is short of, raise donkey benefit in the past...

Raising donkeys is a traditional project in our country. In the past, donkey breeding was mainly for the purpose of slavery. In recent years, with the reform and opening up and the in-depth development of market economy, donkey breeding and donkey breeding have become the main content of donkey breeding industry.

Raising meat donkeys is a new project of farmers 'family breeding in recent years. Due to the lack of improved meat donkey varieties, the benefits of raising donkeys in the past are not ideal. It is an important measure to select excellent donkey breeds or to use improved donkey breeds to cross with local breeds to fatten meat donkeys in order to improve the breeding benefit. The two larger meat donkeys are described as follows:

I. Guanzhong donkey: This breed of donkey is produced in Weihe River Basin of Guanzhong Plain in Shaanxi Province. Among them, Xianyang, Pingguan, Qian County (), Wugong, Liquan and other places are the central production areas. This donkey is large in size, about 130cm in height, 250kg-290kg in weight, strong in physique, small and firm hooves, strong in disease resistance, good in heredity and strong in durability. About the donkey's fur color to black, but eye circles, nose, mouth and abdomen were white or gray. It has the name of "pink nose, bright eyes and white belly", which is an important characteristic of this breed of donkey and an important condition for breeding donkey. Guanzhong donkey is the representative of donkey breeding in China, and also one of the world's improved donkeys.

II. Dezhou donkey: Dezhou, Huimin and Bohai coast of Shandong Province are the central production areas of Dezhou donkey, also known as Bohai donkey. Dezhou donkey is tall, compact in structure, more than 130cm high and weighs about 260kg. Black (black-headed donkey) and pink-black are the main colors. Its service performance is also good.

The general feeding principles of meat donkeys:

The first thing to ensure is adequate nutrition, exercise restriction and environmental sanitation. To trough feeding, fixed trough position, regular quantitative supply, less frequent feeding, coarse material fine, eat night grass, first coarse after fine, supply sufficient drinking water.

That is to say, according to age, body condition, male and female, strength, groove tethering, fixed groove position, feeding four times a day in the morning, middle, evening and night (both meat and service). Spring, summer long can be fed more than once, autumn and winter days can also be fed less than a meal. Coarse feed should be cut short and fine, so as to achieve "three cuts of grass"; concentrate should be flattened or ground, or soaked, fermented, fried, salt boiled, etc. to improve digestibility and palatability. Because the donkey stomach is small, to feed less frequently, the use of night does not interfere with the rest of the time to feed, to ensure nutritional needs. At the same time, donkeys need a lot of digestive juice, should ensure that the supply of adequate clean water and appropriate salt. Brush your skin daily.

Feeding of young donkeys:

Newborn foals, in addition to normal feeding management, generally begin training to eat concentrate at the age of 15 days. Available corn, barley, millet, oatmeal, etc. ground into flour, boiled into gruel after adding a little sugar, lure its intake. At first, 10g-20g per day, 80g-100g after a few days, 100g-200g after one month, 500g-1000g after two months, and gradually increased day by day. After 9 months, 3.5 kg concentrate was fed, and 500kg concentrate was used in the whole fattening period.

The specific fattening of donkeys can be done in the following ways:

(1) Soybean and rice (or millet) 500g each, add water to grind, add rice bran 250g, mix well with appropriate amount of salt, feed the donkey foal after eating grass, and feed it for 7 - 10 days.

(2) White sugar 100g, or brown sugar 150g, dissolved in warm water, given to the donkey every day to drink, self-drinking 10 - 20 days can be fat.

(3) Pig fat 250g, fresh leek 1kg, salt 10g, fried and fed to donkeys once a day for 7 - 10 days.

(4) Fried cottonseed yellow or cooked in a pot until it expands and cracks, which can remove 90% gossypol and taste delicious. Each donkey is fed 1kg per day for 15 days.

(5) Daily oral administration of 10mg diethylstilbestrol increased the daily weight gain by 12%. Implantation of 24mg diethylstilbestrol under the ears of foals 100 days before slaughter increased the daily weight gain of grazing donkeys by 15%. In addition, adding trace elements such as diamond, iodine, copper and selenium can improve daily gain and feed utilization rate. Adding proper amount of zinc in fattening process can prevent donkey depilation and skin disease.

Adult donkey fattening method:

Newly purchased adult donkeys can be fed with some digestible grass, bran, etc., and a small amount of tien should be added when feeding, and 70% can be fed. After a few days of observation, normal feeding period can be carried out. At this time, the coarse feed of mixed feed is mainly cottonseed hull (or corn stalk powder), and the mixed concentrate is mainly cottonseed cake 50%, corn flour 30%, bran 20%. New donkeys purchased from other places generally do not like to eat or do not eat cottonseed skin or cottonseed cake at all. They can be trained first and eaten automatically after a week. Feed twice a day (only coarse feed at night), about 2 months after the donkey can be fed 80%. According to local conditions, bean cake, peanut cake, bean curd residue, corn straw, corn stalk powder, pod skin, etc. can also be used instead of the above concentrate and coarse feed. To local materials, pay attention to feeding costs. At the same time, sufficient clean drinking water should be supplied, exercise should be restricted, skin brushing should be tested, and environmental sanitation should be maintained to facilitate fattening.